Ubushyuhe bwo kohereza ibintu bifungura ibyuma bifungura selile

Ifuro ry'icyuma ni ubwoko bwibikoresho byinshi bigize ibyuma birimo umubare runaka, ingano nini ya pore, hamwe nubushake buke muri matrice yicyuma. Icyuma cya fumu gifite imiterere yihariye yubuso nkubuso bunini bwihariye, ubuso bunini, nubucucike buto, kandi bufite ibintu byinshi bigize ibintu byinshi nko gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe (gufungura-selile), kubika ubushyuhe (gufunga-selile), kwinjiza amajwi no kunyeganyega, kworoha , imbaraga zidasanzwe, gukingira amashanyarazi, nibindi, kandi ni ubwoko bwimiterere nibikorwa bikora bihuza imiterere ya thermofiziki, ubukanishi, acoustique, n amashanyarazi.
Kurifungura-selile ibyuma, ubukana buhanitse kandi bugoye butatu-buringaniye bwa mesh butuma bugira ubushyuhe bwiza cyane bwo gukwirakwiza no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwinshi, bufite ibyifuzo byinshi cyane mubijyanye no guhinduranya ubushyuhe buke, gukonjesha ibikoresho bya mikorobe, nibindi. Kubijyanye no guhererekanya ubushyuhe bwibikoresho bifunguye-bifata ibyuma, imiterere yubushakashatsi bwayo irasesengurwa kandi igasesengurwa uhereye aho ikoreshwa ryoguhindura ubushyuhe.
Ifurokubihinduranya ubushyuhe
Ibikoresho byongerewe imbaraga zo kohereza ibyuma bya furo byamenyekanye muri rusange. Iyo gaze cyangwa amazi bitembera mu mwobo, ubushyuhe bwimurwa kandi bugahinduka muburyo bwo guhuza ku gahato hagati yicyuma gifata ingirabuzimafatizo zifunguye hamwe n’amazi. Ku ruhande rumwe, urwego rugizwe na meshi igizwe nuburinganire butatu bwa feri yicyuma ituma ingaruka zidafite umurongo zamazi, kandi urugero rwumuvurungano narwo rurashimangirwa, bityo bigatuma ubuso bukomeye bugana mumazi mugukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwinshi bwaho; kurundi ruhande, icyuma cya furo nini nini yubuso bwihariye nimpamvu yingenzi yicyuma gifite imikorere myiza yo kohereza ubushyuhe. Kugeza ubu, ubushakashatsi bwibyuma bifata ibyuma byoguhindura ubushyuhe bwibanze byibanda cyane cyane kumyuka yoherezwa mu kirere no kongera ubushyuhe bwa firigo.
Kuruhande rwumuyaga wongerewe imbaraga zo guhererekanya ubushyuhe bwa furo yicyuma, ifuro ryicyuma rikoreshwa aho kuba amababa yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe mubisabwa aho hakoreshwa udusimba gakondo, nko gukonjesha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, guhinduranya amasahani, hamwe no guhanahana ubushyuhe. Muguhinduranya ubushyuhe bworoshye, uburyo bwo kohereza ubushyuhe bwamazi burimo kwigwa cyane cyane kubutare bwumuringa na aluminium ifuro hamwe nubucucike bwa pore muri rusange munsi ya 40% hamwe nibice bya 70% cyangwa birenga.
Ku bunini bwa pore, igipimo cyo kohereza ubushyuhe cyiyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwinshi kandi biganje. Kurundi ruhande, kubwikintu runaka, hejuru yubucucike bwa pore, niko kugabanuka kwimikorere yubushyuhe, bishobora guterwa nubunini bunini cyane. Imiterere ya pore ibipimo bya porosity, ubwinshi bwa pore, na diameter ya pore nibintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka kumikorere yubushyuhe bwaimpumu. Kugira ngo hakoreshwe ifuro ry'icyuma mu gukonjesha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ingaruka z’icyuma cya furo na diameter ya pore ku ngaruka zo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe byakorewe ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na orthogonal. Ibisubizo byerekana ko mugihe cya convection ku gahato, imikorere yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwibyuma bifuro ifitanye isano nimiterere ya pore, aho ubunini bwa pore bugira uruhare runini.
Ibisubizo bimwe byubushakashatsi byerekana ko nubwo icyuma gifuro gifite uruhare runini mukuzamura ubushyuhe, imikurire yikibazo ntigikwiye hamwe no gukura kwimikorere yubushyuhe. Ubushyuhe bwo guhererekanya ubushyuhe bwibyuma bifata neza cyane mugutakaza umuvuduko muto, kandi gutakaza umuvuduko byiyongera hamwe nubwiyongere bwa pore. Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi birigisha gushushanya no guhimba ibintu byoroheje kandi byoroshye guhinduranya ubushyuhe. Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe ubushakashatsi ku byerekeranye no guhanahana ibyuma no guhinduranya ubushyuhe bingana bingana, kandi byagaragaye ko mu gihe kimwe cy’ibizamini, icyuma cy’ubushyuhe cy’icyuma kidakora neza kurusha icyuma gishyushya ubushyuhe, kandi gutakaza umuvuduko no coefficient de friction yari hejuru kurenza iyo guhinduranya ubushyuhe. Icyuma gifunika ifuro gifite ingaruka zigaragara zo guhererekanya ubushyuhe bwa convective, kandi imbaraga zo gukomera zigabanuka hamwe no kwiyongera kwa Reynolds; icyuma gifata ifuro ituma irwanya umuvuduko w'amazi yiyongera ku buryo bugaragara, ariko kugwiza kwinshi kugabanuka kugabanuka no kwiyongera kwa Reynolds. Gushimangira byimazeyo ihererekanyabubasha rya convective no kwiyongera k'umuvuduko ukabije wumuvuduko wibice bibiri birashobora kugaragara,icyuma cyinshini byiza cyane kumazi hamwe nigipimo gito cyo gutemba. Icyuma cya fumu gifite uruhare rwumuyaga wongerewe imbaraga zo guhererekanya ubushyuhe, ariko kongera imbaraga zo guhererekanya ubushyuhe icyarimwe, kurwanya nabyo byariyongereye, kandi imikorere muri rusange ni mibi kurenza amababi gakondo. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko icyuma cya furo gikwiranye nigihe gito-kidasanzwe. Kubwibyo, icyuma cyumuyaga cyinshi cyongeweho ubushyuhe gikeneye gutekereza kubisabwa, kandi ntigishobora gukora buhumyi ubushakashatsi busanzwe bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa fin.

Ifuro ry'icyuma rishobora kandi kugira uruhare mu kuzamura ubushyuhe bwa firigo hakoreshejwe impinduka. Ibisubizo byerekana ko iyo porosity ari imwe, imikorere yo kohereza ubushyuhe ikubye kabiri uko ubucucike bwa pore bugabanuka kuva kuri 20 kugeza kuri 40 PPI kandi ingano ya pore ikagabanuka, bitewe nimiterere ya selile nziza hamwe nubuso bunini kandi bikabije. Ku gipimo cyinshi, coefficient de coiffure itetse ikomeza kwiyongera gahoro gahoro hamwe no kongera umwuma. Hamwe no kwiyongera buhoro buhoro umuvuduko wibikorwa, ibintu byoherejwe nubushyuhe bwo gukama byumye bisa no guteka hasi, ni ukuvuga kohereza ubushyuhe byiyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwumuvuduko, ariko umuvuduko uzamuka kurwego runaka ugira uruhare runini mubiteke guhererekanya ubushyuhe. Koeffisiyoneri yubushyuhe bwumuringa wa furo irikubye inshuro eshatu kurenza iy'umucyo. Kubijyanye na firigo isukuye, kuba ibyuma byifuro byongera umuvuduko wo guhererekanya ubushyuhe, kandi coefficient de coiffure yiyongera kugera kuri 185%. Ku bijyanye n’ibintu birimo amavuta, ingaruka zibyuma bifata imbaraga zo guhererekanya ubushyuhe ziracogora; mubihe bimwe, ugereranije nicyuma cya 5PPI, icyuma cya 10PPI gishobora kongera coeffisiyoneri yubushyuhe inshuro zigera kuri 0,6, kandi ubunini bwa pore burashobora kunoza coefficient de coiffure itetse.
Ingaruka z'umuvuduko ukabije w'amazi hamwe n'ibyiciro bibiri byumye kumazi kugabanuka k'umuvuduko w'amazi hamwe na coefficient de transfert yubushyuhe byasesenguwe byimazeyo. Ibisubizo byerekana ko igitonyanga cyumuvuduko wimbere wurukuta rwuzuye rwuzuye ibyuma bya fumu nini cyane kuruta iy'umucyo woroheje, kandi kugabanuka k'umuvuduko kwiyongera byihuse kandi bidafite umurongo hamwe no kwiyongera k'umuvuduko mwinshi no gukama. Koeffisiyoneri yubushyuhe bwa coeffisente yimbere yimbere yuzuye urukuta rwicyuma rwumubyimba munini uruta ururumuri rwumucyo, kandi coefficient de coiffure yiyongera hamwe nubwiyongere bwikigereranyo cyinshi nubwuma, hamwe na coeffisente yubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwubwoko nkubu y'imiyoboro ikomejwe irikubye kabiri iy'urumuri. Kuberako ingaruka za capillary zigaragara, ubucucike bwa pore ya 130PPI yongerewe imbaraga ningaruka nziza, kubitereko byoroheje inshuro 3.06, umuyoboro wa 40PPI usa cyane cyane nuburyo bwimyanda yo mu rubavu ruto nkuburyo bwo gukomeza.
Muguhindura ubushyuhe bworoshye,ifuroirashobora gukoreshwa rwose kugirango ishimangire uruhare rwo guhererekanya ubushyuhe, ariko ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ibiranga kurwanya imikurire yicyuma cya furo nabyo bifite akamaro kanini, hakenewe imikorere yuzuye kugirango harebwe ikoreshwa ryibyuma bifata ifumbire mvaruganda. Byongeye kandi, imbere y’amavuta arimo amavuta, ibyuma bifata ifuro birashobora gutuma habaho ihererekanyabubasha ry’ubushyuhe, kandi kongera ubushyuhe bwo kohereza ibyuma bifata ibyuma kugirango ihindagurika ry’ubushyuhe bwa firigo bigomba gutekerezwa hashingiwe ku ngaruka z’amavuta.