1. Yintoni i-foam yensimbi kunye ne-aluminium foam
Ngexesha lembali, ukufunyanwa kwesinyithi esinegwebu kwenza isiganeko esibalulekileyo ekuguqukeni kwayo yonke intsimi yobunjineli bemathiriyeli. I-Metal foam yinto ehlanganiswe nesakhiwo sesinyithi esinenani elikhulu leepores kwaye izaliswe ngegesi ecaleni kwesakhiwo [2]. Iipores zala magwebu ensimbi zinokudityaniswa okanye zitywinwe, kwaye zibizwa ngokuba yi-foam-cell foam kunye ne-foam yeseli evaliweyo, ngokulandelanayo, njengoko kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2 (a) (b) [3]. Phakathi kwazo, imathiriyeli ye-aluminiyam enegwebu ngoku yeyona ithembisayo ngesinyithi, ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuphezulu, ukuxinana okuphantsi, ubunzima bokukhanya, amandla aphezulu, ukunyanzeliswa okulungileyo, ukufunxa okunamandla, ukusebenza kakuhle kokufunxa isandi, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokhuselo lombane. Ukusebenza okugqwesileyo, ke ngoko kwaziwa ngokuba "yinkwenkwezi yentsimbi" [4], esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezinye iindlela zokucubungula kwiinkalo zobunjineli be-aerospace, ukuvelisa kunye nesayensi yendalo.
Umzobo 2. Iimpawu zesakhiwo se-aluminium foamed: (a) I-foam ye-aluminium evulekileyo; (B) Ugwebu lwe-aluminiyam yeseli evaliweyo [3]
2. Ukufunyanwa kwe-aluminiyam enegwebu
Ukutyhubela imbali, izinto ezifana nethambo, umthi nepumice bezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kangangexesha elide. Abaphandi abaninzi baqikelela ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwezi zinto kuye kwakhuthaza ukuveliswa kwezinto ezenziwe ngabantu ezifana nogwebu lwesinyithi. Nangona uninzi lwetekhnoloji egwebu amagwebu esetyenziswayo ngoku yacetywayo ukusukela ngeminyaka yee-1950, izifundo zibonise ukuba ukufunyanwa kwe-aluminiyam enogwebu kunokulandwa emva kowe-1926, xa uMa De Meller waqala wakhankanya isinyithi esinegwebu kwilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiFrentshi. U-Meller wakha wacebisa ukuba inkqubo yogwebu lwesinyithi inokufezekiswa ngokungenisa igesi engasebenziyo kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo, okanye ngokusebenzisa i-agent ekhupha ugwebu efana ne-carbonate kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo. Nangona le patent nje esekelwe kwingcamango, ibeka isiseko samanyathelo alandelayo afunekayo ekuphuhliseni i-aluminium foam. UJohn C. Elliott waphuhlisa ngakumbi le ngcamango kwiminyaka engama-20 kamva, ukuyila inguqulo ehlaziyiweyo ye-patent ye-Meller kunye nokwazisa i-foam ye-aluminium yokuqala ekhoyo, eyathi yafaka isandla ekuthengiseni izinto eziphathekayo eJapan kwiminyaka yee-1990. Ukukhululwa kwabeka isiseko [5].
3. Ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-aluminium foamed
I-Aluminiyam enegwebu yintsimbi ene-porosity ephezulu kunye nesakhiwo se-porous, apho i-pores etywiniweyo ichaza malunga nekota yesithathu yomthamo opheleleyo wezinto zetsimbi, okwenza izinto zilula kakhulu [7]. Ukongeza kwezi mpawu zingasentla, i-aluminiyam enegwebu ikwanazo neempawu zokufunxa amandla kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu [7]. Ngokuphathelele ukuxinana, abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba ubuninzi beesampuli ze-aluminium foamed malunga ne-0.4-1.2 g · cm-3 [6]. Ukongeza, i-aluminiyam enegwebu ikwanesandi sokufunxa, ukuphinda isetyenziswe kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-thermal ephantsi [7].
Ngokwesicelo, isikhuselo se-electromagnetic, ubunzima obulula kunye neempawu zokufunxa ze-aluminium amagwebu ziyenza ibe ngumgqatswa ofanelekileyo wamacandelo asetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezilawulwayo zenyukliya ze-fusion, iimoto, i-aerospace kunye nemizi-mveliso yokwakha ngenxa yokuchasana kwayo nemo engqongileyo ebonakalayo. Kwisixhobo esilawulekayo sokudibanisa inyukliya, ugwebu lwe-aluminiyam yeeseli ezivaliweyo yeyona nto ibalaseleyo yokukhusela i-electromagnetic. Ngenxa yoqhagamshelo lwamathambo e-aluminium amagwebu, inommandla omkhulu othe ngqo ongaphezulu kunye nokukwazi ukufunxa kunye nokubonakalisa amaza ombane. Ulahleko olwahlukeneyo lwenzeka, olufana nokulahleka kokufunxa, ukulahleka kwembonakalo, njl.njl., ukuze i-aluminiyam enogwebu ibe nokusebenza okugqwesileyo kokukhusela i-electromagnetic. Ngapha koko, kwafunyaniswa ukuba ukusebenza kwe-electromagnetic shielding ye-aluminiyam enogwebu ibonise umkhwa wokuqala ukwehla kwaye emva koko inyuke ngokunyuka kwamaza ombane wombane [3]. Kwishishini le-aerospace, i-aluminiyam enogwebu isetyenziselwa ukwenza iicones zesithuba okanye iinxalenye zomoya. Ngenxa yomgangatho ophantsi we-aluminiyam enogwebu, iluncedo ngakumbi ekunciphiseni ubunzima bubonke bezixhobo zenqwelomoya [7]. Kwaye njengeyona mathiriyeli igqwesileyo yokufunxa amandla, ialuminiyam enogwebu isetyenziselwa ukwenza izithinteli zeziphekepheke, izinto zokufunxa ivibration kunye nomzantsi wekhabhinethi yokubuya yesiphekepheke, ukuze isiphekepheke sifikelele kwindawo ekhuselekileyo yokumisa nokukhusela ukhuseleko koosomajukujuku kunye nezixhobo zasemkhathini. Ngokufunxa okusebenzayo kwamandla kunye nokufunxa ukothuka, i-aluminiyam enogwebu inokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko koosomajukujuku phantsi kweempembelelo zokufika kwesiphekepheke, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 3 [8].
Umzobo 3. Ubume obuphuculweyo obuyinxenye yebilge enganyangekiyo kwimpembelelo[8]
I-1-isikhumba esiphezulu; I-2-foam i-aluminium stringers; 3-isikhumba esisezantsi
Kwishishini leemoto, i-aluminium enogwebu inceda ukunciphisa inani elipheleleyo leenxalenye ezisetyenzisiweyo kwisakhelo, yenza inkqubo yendibano isebenze ngakumbi, kwaye ekugqibeleni inceda ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza [7]. Okwangoku, i-aluminium ye-foam isetyenziswe kwimivalo yokuchasana, imivalo kunye neminyango yomnyango kwizakhiwo zomzimba wemoto kwiimarike, njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Figure 4 [9-10].
Umzobo 4. (a) ngumzobo wenxalenye yamandla afunxa inxalenye yomzimba wemoto;
(B) Idayagram ecwangcisiweyo ye-aluminiyam ye-foam anti-collision bar
Kwishishini lokwakha, ukusetyenziswa okuphambili kwe-aluminium enegwebu kufana nokukhusela, umqobo ochasene nomlilo ukukhusela ingxolo enkulu. Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kwe-foam ye-aluminium evaliweyo kwi-architecture yi-Shanghai SOHO Fuxing Plaza. Umyili usebenzisa isixa esikhulu se-aluminium ye-foam ukuze afunxe kwaye afake isandi, njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Figure 6 [11].
Ukufunyanwa kwe-aluminium enegwebu kuthathwa njengempumelelo ephawulekayo. Izinto zealuminium ezinogwebu zidibanisa ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kwe-electromagnetic shielding, ubunzima bokukhanya, ingxinano ephantsi, ukufunxa ukothuka kunye nokusebenza kokufunxa amandla, ke inokusebenza kakuhle kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo namhlanje. Ukusebenza okubanzi. Okubangela umdla kukuba, i-aluminium foamed ikwayimveliso ehambelana nokusingqongileyo enokuthi iphinde isetyenziswe, nto leyo ethetha ukuba yinto ezinzileyo kwaye kulindeleke ukuba isetyenziswe ngobuninzi kwizicelo zamashishini ezizayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-30-2021
