Indlela yokulungiselela igwebu le-aluminium

Ngenxa yezinqubo ezahlukene zokulungiselela, igwebu le-aluminium lingahlukaniswa libe igwebu le-aluminium elivaliwe, i-semi-i-aluminium foam evaliwe, kanye ne-open-cell aluminium foam esekelwe ekutheni izimbobo zixhunywe kanjani. Izindlela zokulungiselela zegwebu le-aluminium zingahlukaniswa kabanzi ngezigaba ezintathu: isigaba se-liquid, isigaba esiqinile, kanye ne-deposition.

(1) Indlela yesigaba samanzi

Indlela yesigaba se-liquid iyindlela yokulungiselela evuthiwe yegwebu le-aluminium, enamandla okucwaninga abanzi kanye namathemba okusebenza, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa ukuvunguza kwegesi endleleni yoketshezi lwensimbi, indlela ye-ejenti yokufutha uketshezi lwensimbi, indlela yokutshala imali, kanye nendlela yokukhipha amanzi.

Igesi evuthela indlela ye-metal liquid: ku-aluminium yensimbi encibilikisiwe yengeza izinhlayiya ze-thickener, ukuthuthukisa i-viscosity yokuncibilika, ama-thickeners avame ukusetshenziswa ane-silicon carbide, i-alumina magnesium oxide, njll. Kamuva, kunsimbi encibilikisiwe emoyeni, i-nitrogen. , i-hydrogen, noma ingxube yala magesi, futhi inyakaza njalo, insimbi encibilikisiwe ingatholakala ngemva kokupholisa i-porosity 80% ~ 97.5% we-aluminium eyigwebu, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1.

I-Fig.1 I-Macromorphology ye-aluminium foam elungiselelwe indlela yokujova igesi

(2) Indlela ye-ejenti yokuphefumula uketshezi lwensimbi: ku-aluminium encibilikisiwe engeza i-ejenti evuthelayo, ngokushisa i-ejenti evuthelayo ukubola ibe ukukhululwa kwegesi, ukunwetshwa kwegesi okushisayo kwensimbi encibilikisiwe kube igwebu, ngemuva kokupholisa kungatholwa 91% ~ 93 % we-porosity ye-aluminium eyigwebu. I-agent eyenza amagwebu esetshenziswa ekukhiqizenii-aluminium foamI-TiH2, ZrH2, ne-CaH2, njalonjalo.

(3) Indlela yokubunjwa kwesikhunta esincibilikisiwe: ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphikisayo eziwuketshezi ukugcwalisa izimbotshana kugwebu oluyisiponji, ukuze kuqiniswe izinto eziphikisayo, ukushisisa ukwenza i-gasification yepulasitiki futhi kutholwe isakhiwo se-spongy pore sokuphonsa, i-aluminium encibilikisiwe ithululelwa lokhu kuphonsa, kupholile futhi kuqiniswe ukuze kukhishwe izinto eziphikisayo, kungatholakala i-porosity ye-80% ~ 97% yegwebu. i-aluminium.

(4) Indlela yokusakaza ye-Seepage: i-aluminium ewuketshezi enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile ingena esikhaleni sokugcwalisa ukuze uthole inhlanganisela yokugcwalisa insimbi, bese usebenzisa ukucwiliswa noma ukudlidliza kwe-ultrasonic nezinye izindlela zokususa isigcwalisi, ukuze uthole i-porosity engu-70% noma kunjaloi-aluminium foam. Ama-filler asetshenziswa kakhulu usawoti oncibilikayo, amabhola e-ceramic angancibiliki, amabhola angenalutho e-corundum, i-foam carbon, njalonjalo. Le ndlela ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: indlela yokusakaza ye-up-pressure percolation kanye ne-negative pressure percolation casting.

2. Indlela yesigaba esiqinile

(1) Indlela ye-powder metallurgy: Indlela ye-powder metallurgy iwukuxuba impushana ye-aluminium ne-ejenti evuthelayo (evame ukusetshenziswa i-TiH2) ngesilinganiso esithile, ukulungisa umzimba wangaphambi kwegciwane ngaphansi kwengcindezi efanele, bese umzimba ocindezelwe owenziwe ngaphambilini ucindezelwe. kuqhutshekwe kucutshungulwe, njengokugoqa, ukubumba, njll., bese lo mkhiqizo osuphelile ufakwa esikhunjeni sensimbi esidingekayo, sishiselwe ezingeni lokushisa elithile ukuze i-ejenti evuthelayo. iyabola yenze amagwebu futhi ithole i-aluminium eyigwebu. Le ndlela iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kodwa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo iphakeme futhi ukusebenza kuzinzile, ngaleyo ndlela ikhula ngokushesha, kodwa le ndlela ayikwazi ukukhiqizwa ngokuqhubekayo ngenxa yezindleko eziphezulu zezinto zokusetshenziswa.

(2) Indlela ye-powder impregnation slurry: lungiselela i-viscosity ethile ye-aluminium powder slurry, i-porous foam material igxiliswa kulolu daka, impushana ifakwe odongeni lwama-pore we-polymer foam material, bese ukomisa ukwelashwa, ukushisa ukuze ukubola okushisayo kwe-polymer foam material, impahla eyisipontshi enqubweni yokubola ukuze idlale indima yokusekela yesikhashana, futhi ekugcineni I-aluminium powder ihlanganiswa ndawonye, ​​bese ipholiswa ukuze kutholakale ukuvuthwa kwe-70% kuya ku-90% I-aluminium foam.

(3) Engeza indlela yezinto zebhola: engeza into yebhola noma ibhola elingenalutho ku-aluminium encibilikayo futhi ugovuze, ukuze impahla yebhola isatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo ekuncibilikeni kwe-aluminium; qhubeka ushukumisa futhi uphole ukuze ube ne-viscosity eyanele, futhi ujove imodeli ukuze uthole inhlanganisela yezinto ezibonakalayo zebhola lensimbi. Lapho into yebhola eyengeziwe iyinto encibilikayo, indlela yokucwiliswa kokugeza ingasetshenziswa ukuncibilikisa impahla yebhola, ukuthola i-foam ye-foam aluminium.

3. indlela ye-electrodeposition

Igwebu ngenqubo ye-conductive njenge-cathode material, ipuleti le-aluminium elihlanzekile lemboni ye-anode material, ku-alkyl aluminium solution plating, ukuze i-aluminium ifakwe ebusweni begwebu, ngemva kokoma ezingeni elithile lokushisa, ukubola okushisayo kwe-thermal. igwebu,i-aluminium foam. Le ndlela iyinkimbinkimbi futhi idinga ukulungisa okuguquguqukayo, kodwa isakhiwo se-foam sifana kakhulu. Ukwakheka kwegwebu le-aluminium elilungiselelwe indlela ye-electrodeposition kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2.

Umfanekiso we-2 Macromorphology ye-aluminium foam elungiselelwe yi-electrodeposition