Izici zokudlulisa ukushisa kwamagwebu ensimbi yeseli evulekile

I-Metal Foam iwuhlobo lwensimbi eyinhlanganisela enenombolo ethile, usayizi othile wama-pores, kanye ne-porosity ethile ku-matrix yensimbi. Insimbi yegwebu inezici ezihlukile zesakhiwo njengendawo enkulu ethize, i-porosity enkulu, kanye nokuminyana okuncane, futhi inezici eziyinhlanganisela ezisebenza ngezindlela eziningi ezifana nokushabalaliswa kokushisa (iseli elivulekile), ukwahlukanisa ukushisa (iseli elivaliwe), ukumuncwa komsindo nokuncibilika kokudlidliza, okungasindi. , amandla athile aphezulu, ukuvikela i-electromagnetic, njll., futhi kuwuhlobo lwezinto ezihlelekile nezisebenzayo ezihlanganisa izakhiwo ze-thermophysics, umakhenikha, ama-acoustics, nogesi.
Ngobai-open-cell metal foam, i-porosity ephezulu kanye nesakhiwo se-mesh esiyinkimbinkimbi enezinhlangothi ezintathu sikwenza kube nokukhipha ukushisa okuhle kakhulu kanye nokusebenza kahle kokudlulisa ukushisa, okunethuba elibanzi kakhulu lesicelo emkhakheni wokushintshanisa ukushisa okuhlangene, ukupholisa idivayisi ye-microelectronic, njalonjalo. Ngezakhiwo zokudlulisa ukushisa zensimbi yegwebu elivulekile-cell, isimo sayo socwaningo siyaphenywa futhi sihlaziywe kusukela ezindaweni zokusetshenziswa kwezishintshi zokushisa ezihlangene.
Igwebu lensimbiyezishintshi zokushisa ezihlangene
Izici zokudlulisa ukushisa ezithuthukisiwe zegwebu lensimbi ziye zaqashelwa ngokuvamile. Lapho igesi noma uketshezi lugeleza emigodini, ukushisa kudluliselwa futhi kushintshaniswa ngendlela ye-convection ephoqelelwe phakathi kwegwebu lensimbi elinesakhiwo se-open-cell kanye noketshezi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi se-mesh ye-three-dimensional ye-foam yensimbi yenza umphumela ongaqondile woketshezi, kanye nezinga le-turbulence liphinde liqiniswe, ngaleyo ndlela likhuthaze ubuso obuqinile oketshezini ekudluliseni ukushisa kwendawo okuphezulu; ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-foam metal indawo enkulu ethize ethile futhi iyisizathu esibalulekile sensimbi inokusebenza okuhle kokudlulisa ukushisa. Njengamanje, ukucwaninga kwegwebu lensimbi lokudluliswa kokushisa okuhlangene kokusebenza kugxile kakhulu ekudluliselweni kokushisa okuthuthukisiwe okusehlangothini lomoya kanye nokudlulisa ukushisa okuthuthukisiwe kohlangothi lwesiqandisi.
Ezingxenyeni zomoya ezithuthukisiwe zokudlulisa ukushisa zegwebu lensimbi, igwebu lensimbi lisetshenziswa esikhundleni samaphiko okukhipha ukushisa ezinhlelweni lapho kusetshenziswa khona amaphiko endabuko, njengokupholisa izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, izishintshi zokushisa zamapuleti, nezishintshi zokushisa ezinezinhlamvu. Ezishintshisani zokushisa ezihlangene, izakhiwo zokudlulisa ukushisa okugelezayo okwamanje zifundelwa ikakhulukazi izinsimbi zegwebu ne-aluminium ezinembobo evamise ukuba ngaphansi kuka-40% kanye nama-porosity angu-70% noma ngaphezulu.
Ngosayizi othile we-pore, izinga lokudlulisa ukushisa liyakhula ngokukhula kwe-porosity futhi libusa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa ye-porosity ethile, ukuphakama kwembotshana kuphezulu, kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisa ukushisa, okungenzeka kube ngenxa yobukhulu bembotshana obukhulu kakhulu. Imingcele yesakhiwo sembotshana ye-porosity, ukuminyana kwembotshana, kanye nobubanzi bembotshana yizinto eziyinhloko ezithinta ukusebenza kokudlulisa ukushisaamagwebu ensimbi. Ukuze kusetshenziswe igwebu lensimbi ekupholiseni izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, imiphumela ye-foam porosity yensimbi kanye nobubanzi bembotshana kumphumela wokukhipha ukushisa kwaphenywa ngokuhlolwa kwe-orthogonal. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi ngaphansi kwe-convection ephoqelelwe, ukusebenza kokushisa kokushisa kwensimbi ye-foam kuhlobene nesakhiwo se-pore, lapho ubukhulu bembobo bunomthelela omkhulu kakhulu.
Eminye imiphumela yocwaningo ibonisa ukuthi nakuba insimbi yegwebu inendima eqinile ekuthuthukiseni ukudluliswa kokushisa, ukukhula kokumelana akuyona into encane kanye nokukhula kokusebenza kwesishintshi sokushisa. Ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisa ukushisa kwensimbi yegwebu kuthuthukiswa kakhulu ekulahlekelweni kwengcindezi encane, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwengcindezi kuyanda ngokukhula kokuminyana kwezimbotshana. Imiphumela yocwaningo iyafundisa ngokuklama nokwenziwa kwezishintshi zokushisa ezingasindi nezihlangene ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Ucwaningo oluhlolwayo lwezishintshi zokushisa zensimbi eyigwebu kanye nezishintshisi zokushisa ezincishisiwe ezinosayizi ofanayo lwenziwa, futhi kwatholakala ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zokuhlola, isishintshi sokushisa sensimbi eyigwebu sasingasebenzi kahle kunesishintshi sokushisa esiphethwe, kanye nokulahlekelwa kwengcindezi kanye i-coefficient ye-friction yayiphezulu kunaleyo yesishintshi sokushisa esifakwe ngaphakathi. I-foam metal enezimbotshana inomphumela osobala wokuqinisa ekudlulisweni kokushisa okuguquguqukayo, futhi umphumela wokuqinisa uyancipha ngokunyuka kwenombolo ye-Reynolds; i-foam metal enezimbotshana yenza ukumelana nokugeleza koketshezi kukhuphuke ngokusobala, kodwa ukuphindaphindeka kokuqina kokumelana kuncipha ngokwanda kwenombolo ye-Reynolds. Ukuqiniswa okuphelele kokudluliswa kokushisa kwe-convective kanye nokwenyuka kokwehla kwengcindezi ekuhambeni kwezici ezimbili kungabonakala,i-foam metal enezimbotshanalufaneleka kakhulu uketshezi olunezikhathi zokugeleza okuncane. Insimbi yegwebu inendima yokudlulisa ukushisa okusehlangothini lomoya okuthuthukisiwe, kodwa ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kokudluliswa kokushisa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukumelana nakho kwanda, futhi ukusebenza kukonke kubi kakhulu kunamaphiko endabuko. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-foam metal ifaneleka ezikhathini ezingavamile zokugeleza okuphansi. Ngakho-ke, ukudluliswa kokushisa okuthuthukisiwe kwensimbi ye-foam yohlangothi lomoya okuthuthukisiwe kudinga ukucabangela izikhathi zohlelo lokusebenza, futhi akukwazi ukwenza ngokungaboni olunye ucwaningo olungokwesiko lokulahla ukushisa kwamaphiko.

I-foam yensimbi nayo ingadlala indima ekuthuthukiseni ukudluliswa kokushisa kwesiqandisi ngokushintsha kwesigaba. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi uma i-porosity iqinisekile, ukusebenza kokudlulisa ukushisa kuphinda kabili njengoba ukuminyana kwembotshana kuncipha kusuka ku-20 kuya ku-40 PPI futhi usayizi wembotshana uyancipha, ngenxa yesakhiwo seseli esicolekile esinendawo enkulu kanye nokuphazanyiswa okukhulu. Emazingeni okugeleza aphezulu, i-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa okubilayo igcina ukukhula okuzinzile nokunensayo ngokoma okwandayo. Ngokunyuka kancane kancane kwengcindezi yokusebenza, into yokudlulisa ukushisa okubilayo ekomeni okuphansi kufana nokubilisa komhlabathi, okungukuthi, ukudluliswa kokushisa kuqiniswe ngokunyuka kwengcindezi, kodwa ingcindezi iphakama ngezinga elithile idlala indima ewohlokayo ekubiliseni. ukudluliswa kokushisa. I-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa yamashubhu e-foam yethusi iphakeme ngokuphindwe kathathu kunaleyo yamashubhu okukhanya. Endabeni yesiqandisisi esihlanzekile, ukuba khona kwensimbi ye-foam kuthuthukisa ukugeleza kokudluliswa kokushisa okubilayo, futhi i-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa yanda kuze kufike ku-185%. Endabeni yezimo eziqukethe amafutha, umphumela we-foam yensimbi ukuqinisa ukudluliswa kokushisa kubuthakathaka; ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-5PPI yensimbi yegwebu, i-10PPI yensimbi yegwebu ingakhuphula i-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa kuze kufike ezikhathini ezingu-0.6, futhi usayizi omncane we-pore ungathuthukisa ukugeleza okubilisa i-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa.
Imiphumela yesilinganiso sokugeleza kwesisindo kanye nokoma koketshezi oluyizigaba ezimbili ekwehleni komfutho we-condensation wokugeleza kanye ne-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa kwahlaziywa ngokuphelele. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi ukwehla kwengcindezi ye-tube ye-foam yensimbi ye-annular egcwele udonga lwangaphakathi kukhulu kakhulu kuneshubhu yokukhanya, futhi ukwehla kokucindezela kukhula ngokushesha futhi okungahambisani nokwenyuka kwesilinganiso sokugeleza okukhulu nokomisa. I-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa kwe-condensation yeshubhu legwebu lensimbi eligcwele udonga elingaphakathi likhulu kuneshubhu lokukhanya, futhi i-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa iyanda ngokunyuka kwezinga lokugeleza nokoma, kanye ne-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa kwe-condensation yalolu hlobo. wamashubhu aqinisiwe cishe aphindwe kabili kuneshubhu lokukhanya. Ngenxa yokuthi umphumela wayo we-capillary usobala, ukuminyana kwe-pore ye-130PPI eqinisiwe ithubhu kuwumphumela omuhle kakhulu, ngoba ithubhu yokukhanya izikhathi ezingu-3.06, ithubhu ye-40PPI ifana ngokuyinhloko nesakhiwo se-tube enezimbambo eziphansi njengendlela yokuqinisa.
Kumshini wokushisa ohlangene,igwebu lensimbiingasetshenziswa ngokugcwele ukuze kuqiniswe indima yokudlulisa ukushisa, kodwa ucwaningo lwabonisa ukuthi izici zokumelana nokukhula kwensimbi yegwebu nazo zibaluleke kakhulu, isidingo sokusebenza okuphelele ukuhlola ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi yegwebu kusishintshi sokushisa esihlangene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho kukhona izinto zokuthambisa eziqukethe uwoyela, izinsimbi zegwebu zingaholela ekulimaleni kokudluliswa kokushisa, futhi ukudluliswa kokushisa okuthuthukisiwe kwamagwebu ensimbi okushintsha kwesigaba ukudluliswa kokushisa kweziqandisi kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngenxa yemiphumela yezinto zokugcoba.