Kungani igwebu lensimbi libiza kangaka?

Igwebu lensimbi, eyaziwa nangokuthi insimbi enezimbotshana, iyimpahla eyakhiwe ngensimbi eqinile enenani elikhulu lezimbotshana ezixhumene. Lezi zimbotshana azinikezi nje kuphela igwebu lensimbi isici salo esingasindi kanye nesakhiwo esinezimbotshana, kodwa futhi nezakhiwo zalo eziyingqayizivele, njengesilinganiso esiphakeme samandla nesisindo, ukumelana nomthelela omuhle kakhulu, namandla aphakeme okumunca amandla. Lezi zakhiwo zenza amagwebu ensimbi abe yimpahla ekhangayo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-aerospace, imboni yezimoto, yezempi kanye ne-biomedical.

Pho kungani insimbi yegwebu ibiza kangaka? Kunezici ezimbalwa ezinomthelela ezindleko eziphakeme zalokhu kwaziswa. Okokuqala, inqubo yokukhiqiza i-foam metal iyinkimbinkimbi futhi izidingo zobuchwepheshe zithuthukisiwe. Indlela ejwayeleke kakhulu yokukhiqiza igwebu lensimbi ukusebenzisa impushana yensimbi ne-ejenti ekhihlizayo, ukuxube ndawonye, ​​bese ukushisisa ukuze kwakhe amabhamuza ku-matrix yensimbi. Inqubo idinga ukulawula okunembile kwezinga lokushisa, ingcindezi kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, okwandisa izindleko zokukhiqiza.

Ukwengeza, izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amagwebu ensimbi ngokuvamile zibiza kakhulu. Izimpushana zensimbi ezisezingeni eliphakeme kanye nama-ejenti agwebuyo abalulekile ukuze kwakheke amagwebu ensimbi anezakhiwo ezidingekayo, futhi lezi zinto ziyabiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa kwegwebu lensimbi kuvame ukuhilela izinyathelo eziningi ezifana ne-powder metallurgy, ukukhihliza amagwebu nokucwilisa, konke okudinga imishini ekhethekile kanye nomsebenzi onamakhono, okwandisa izindleko zizonke.

Esinye isici esinomthelela ezindlekweni eziphezulu zeigwebu lensimbiisilinganiso esilinganiselwe sokukhiqiza. Njengempahla eyisipesheli entsha, ukukhiqizwa kwegwebu lensimbi kuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinsimbi zendabuko nama-alloys. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umnotho wesilinganiso ngokuvamile ohlotshaniswa nokukhiqizwa ngobuningi awusebenzi kumagwebu ensimbi, okuholela ezindlekweni zokukhiqiza eziphakeme.

Naphezu kwezindleko zayo eziphakeme, izakhiwo eziyingqayizivele ze-foam yensimbi zenza kube utshalomali olukhangayo ezimbonini ezidinga izindawo zayo ezithile. Isibonelo, embonini ye-aerospace, lapho ukunciphisa isisindo kubaluleke kakhulu, izakhiwo ezingasindi namandla aphakeme amagwebu ensimbi awenza abe yimpahla efanelekile yezingxenye zendiza. Ngokufanayo, embonini yezimoto, amandla okumunca amandla amagwebu ensimbi awenza abe yikhandidethi elihle kakhulu lezinto ezingasindi, ezimelana nomthelela ezimotweni, okusiza ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kukonke.

Kafushane, nakuba igwebu lensimbi liyi-izinto ezintsha neziguquguqukayongezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, izindleko zayo eziphezulu ziyisithiyo esibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwayo okubanzi. Izinqubo zokukhiqiza eziyinkimbinkimbi, izinto zokwakha ezibizayo kanye nesilinganiso sokukhiqiza esilinganiselwe konke kwenza igwebu lensimbi libize. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ubuchwepheshe nezindlela zokukhiqiza ziqhubeka nokuthuthuka, izindleko zamagwebu ensimbi zingase ziwe esikhathini esizayo, okwenza kube inketho ephumelelayo kakhulu yezomnotho yohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza.