1. Physical properties
Aluminum foam material is the most important feature of light weight, low density, proportional to the pore size, specific gravity is only 0.1-0.6 times the same volume of aluminum, but more than 4 times higher than the foam material. The conductivity of the foam material is much smaller than solid aluminum, on the contrary, the resistance is larger, and it is a bad conductor. The thermal conductivity of aluminum foam is 0.1-0.2 times smaller than that of solid core aluminum. In addition, the foam also has the advantages of high hardness, non-flammable, not easy to oxidize, not easy to age, weather resistant, easy to recycle and so on.
For equipment subjected to bending loads, the material used should have high strength, and by comparing the specific strength values with those of aluminum foam and some common structural materials (aluminum and steel) (aluminum foam: steel = 5:2.5:1), it was found that aluminum foam has high specific strength characteristics. Experimental studies have shown that proper heat treatment can be carried out to increase its strength. Thus, the aluminum foam can withstand large bending loads.
2. Mechanical properties
The modulus of elasticity, shear modulus, and elastic limit of aluminum foam decreases as an exponential function with the increase in porosity;
Tensile strength; foam aluminum has low tensile strength, low elongation and semi-brittle phenomenon. It was found that the size of the pores has an important effect on the tensile properties. When the relative density is the same, the tensile strength of small pore size is greater than that of large pore size;
Compressive strength; the tensile strength of the foam material is low, but the compressive strength is high; its compressive stress-strain curve can be divided into the linear elastic zone, the yield plateau zone and the dense zone. Foamed aluminum different aperture compression stress-strain curve shape is basically the same, mainly in the height of the plastic platform, the size of the aperture can not be simply a linear relationship, but should be in a certain aperture range to reach the highest value. Foamed aluminum compression strength and density and compression rate of the relationship between the graph shows that the greater the density, the stronger the compression;

3. Characterization of suction
Porous structural materials can be used for suction. The small mass of the workshop plays a big role in the absorption force. Foam cells are small, strong and absorb heat well. Foam material has a long stress plateau during compression and absorbs energy through strain under essentially constant stress conditions. The suction force requires the area under the stress-strain curve, so the greater the suction force when the yielding platform is higher and wider. The pore size has a certain effect on the height of the yielding platform, and choosing a suitable pore size can improve the attraction of the yielding platform. In addition, its suction force varies non-monotonically with the porosity, in which the suction force is largest at a certain porosity.
4. Damping performance
Damping performance is the ability of a material to convert mechanical vibration energy into thermal energy due to internal reasons. The material can be fully utilized to reduce unnecessary noise and vibration. An important way to improve the damping performance of metal materials is to maximize the interaction between defects to get the maximum linear damping and extend the mechanical mechanism to maximize the nonlinear damping. The experimental results show that porous materials coincide with the organizational characteristics of highly damped materials, and the presence of pores has an important effect on the damping response of some nonmetallic or metallic materials.