ʻO ka pahu metala: He mea metala hou i "ikaika" a "māmā".

He ʻano ʻokoʻa ka ʻōhua metala, e hui pū ana i nā ʻano metala a me nā waiwai hana o nā mea porous. ʻO ka pahu metala no nā mea metala porous, hiki ke kiʻekiʻe ka porosity o loko e like me 90% a i ʻole, ʻo ke ʻano like me ka "foam" a i ʻole "honeycomb", e uhaʻi ana i ka manaʻo kuʻuna o ke ʻano o ka metala, nā ʻano metala "ikaika" ʻelua. a me nā hiʻohiʻona "māmā", he hana hou i hoʻohui ʻia o nā mea metala. "Ua haki ia i ka manaʻo kuʻuna o ka ʻano metala paʻa a loaʻa nā ʻano ʻelua o ka metala a me ka bubble, kahi ʻano mea metala hou me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka hana. Ma muli o kona ʻano kūʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole mālama wale ka metala foam i ka conductivity, ductility, weldability a me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe o ka mea metala kumu, akā loaʻa pū kekahi i nā waiwai hana o nā mea porous, e like me ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka ikehu a me ka vibration damping, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa leo, pale electromagnetic, ka ea permeability a me ka wai permeability, ka mea i huki nui i ka manaʻo o ka ʻepekema waiwai ma ka home a ma waho a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka aerospace a me nā māla petrochemical.

ʻO nā ala nui o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka pahu metala:
(1) E like me ka nui o ka pore anawaena a me ka porosity: pore anawaena emi ma mua o 0.3mm, porosity ma waena o 45% a me 90%, i kapaia he porous metala; a me ke anawaena pore o 0.5-6mm, porosity oi aku mamua o 90%, i ikeia he metala pahu;
(2) E like me ka hoʻolālā pore: ua māheleʻia i loko o ka puka-pore a me ka pani pani;
(3) E like me ke kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau: i hoʻomākaukau mua ʻia ma ke ʻano huʻihuʻi ua kapa ʻia ʻo ka ʻūhā metala, a ma hope ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi hoʻolei percolation a ʻo nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i kapa ʻia ʻo ventilation metal;
(4) E like me ke ʻano o ka matrix: alumini foam, nickel foam, copper foam a pēlā aku. ʻO ke kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau, ʻo ke ʻano hoʻomākaukau kuʻuna no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pahu metala he mea paʻakikī loa ka hoʻolālā pore irregular, a hiki i ka paʻi 3D ke hoʻomalu pono i ke ʻano o ka pore, ma ke ʻano o ka pololei e hāʻawi i ka pahu metala e hoʻonui i nā hiʻohiʻona noi, e like me ka porous titanium i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea hana pololei a me nā māla ʻē aʻe e hoʻopiha i nā ʻāpana noi metala.

Mea hoʻohui pū ʻia-hana, ākea ka manaʻo noiʻi metala
Hoʻohui ka pahu metala i ka hana a me ka hana: ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolālā, loaʻa i ka pahu metala nā ʻano o ke kaumaha māmā a me ka ikaika kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe; ma ke ʻano he mea hana, he ʻano ʻano kino kino ka foam metala e like me ka porous, vibration damping, damping, sound-absorbing, soundproofing, heat dissipation, shock absorption, electromagnetic shielding a pēlā aku. Me kona mau waiwai kūʻokoʻa, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka pahu metala i nā ʻoihana ʻenehana a me nā ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe:
(1) Ke hoʻohana nei i ke kaumaha māmā a me nā ʻano ikaika kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe, hoʻohana ʻia ia e hana i nā mea lele wai, nā mea haʻuki (e like me nā sledges, etc.), a me nā ʻāpana like o nā kaʻa aerospace;
(2) ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka porous, me ka hana ʻana i nā kānana kemika, no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka wai i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe gasification, ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana i nā bearings ʻaila, nā mea hoʻonani ʻala, a pēlā aku;
(3) ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka vibration damping, damping performance, me kāna hana ʻana ma ke ʻano he buffer, vibration absorber, e like me ka pae pae ʻana o ka mokuahi, nā cushions palekana palekana a me nā ʻano pahu like ʻole, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pahu lawe mokulele, nā moena mea hana mīkini, nā kumu, nā apo damping, a pēlā aku;
(4) Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i kāna pale electromagnetic, māmā a maikaʻi hoʻi ke kani ʻana, nā waiwai insulation leo, ua hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā panela hoʻoheheʻe leo o ka ʻoihana kūkulu, nā mea uila uila a me ka hale pale uila.

Ma nā mea kiko'ī, hoʻohana nuiʻia ka pahu metala i ka aluminika, ka nickel, ke keleawe a me kona mau'āpana, nāʻano nui o nā mea matrix likeʻole a me nā wahi noi.
(1) Aluminum foam: E like me ka mea mua i hoʻomohala ʻia i ka mea metala foam, ʻo ka pono nui o ka pahu alumini aia i ke kaumaha māmā, ka wela wela, ke kani ʻana o ke kani, ka pale electromagnetic, absorption o ka ikehu hopena, etc. o nā missiles, nā mokulele a me kā lākou mau ʻāpana i hana hou ʻia, a hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi i nā kahua o ka buffer kaʻa, uila a me ka mechanical vibration damping device, electromagnetic wave shielding cover o ka lako mana ma ka pulse, a pela aku;
(2) Nickel foam: me kona hoʻopili ʻana i ka pore a me ka porosity kiʻekiʻe, ka nickel foam i ka ventilation kiʻekiʻe, kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻili a me ka ikaika capillary, ʻoiai i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion he mau pōmaikaʻi nui, hoʻohana maʻamau i ka hana ʻana i nā kānana wai, catalytic converters, nā atomizers a me nā pā electrode pākaukau a me nā mea hoʻololi wela;
(3) Copper foam: ʻO ka pahu keleawe he conductivity uila maikaʻi a me ka ductility, i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea electrode maikaʻi ʻole (carrier), nā mea lawe catalyst a me nā mea pale electromagnetic a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka hiki.