Ngosipụta arụmọrụ sanwichi carbon fiber aluminom foam nke etinyere ọla kọpa ma e jiri ya tụnyere panel Sanwichi ụfụfụ.

Sanwichi ụfụfụ aluminomOgwe (AFS) nwere ngwakọta nke njirimara nhazi na arụ ọrụ dị ka njupụta dị ala, ike dị elu dị elu, nnabata ike dị mma, ike damping, na mkpuchi electromagnetic. Ngwongwo ndị a mara mma na-eme ka AFS nwee ikike dị ukwuu na mbara igwe, ụgbọ njem na mpaghara mmiri. E jiri ya tụnyere ụfụfụ ígwè na-adịghị ahụkebe, efere ndị dị n'èzí nke AFS nwere ike mechie ụfụfụ ahụ nke ọma ma melite njirimara ọrụ ya zuru oke, dị ka nkwụsịtụ na ike na-ehulata. N'ozuzu, e ji usoro nrapado rụpụta AFS, nke gụnyere ijikọ ụfụfụ aluminom na ogwe igwe siri ike site na iji nrapado resin epoxy.

Ọ bụ ezie na usoro nrapado nke ọma na-eme ka ọzịza nhazi dị mma, ọ na-esonyere ya na njedebe, gụnyere ihe ịma aka dị na imegharị ihe na ike ịnweta ọdịda delamination n'okpuru nnukwu okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ rụrụ arụ. Iji lebara oke ndị a anya, etinyela mgbalị nyocha dị ukwuu iji nweta njikọta ọla n'etiti panel na isi oyi akwa.

Ugbu a, ụzọ nkwadebe kachasị maka AFS bụ nke ezubere iji nweta njikọta ọla na-ekewa n'ime ụzọ atọ: ịgbado ọkụ, ịgbaze ụfụfụ, na usoro ịgbado ntụ ntụ. N'ime ụzọ ndị a, a na-ahụ usoro nchikota ntụ ntụ ntụ ka a na-ahụta dị ka ihe ka mma maka ịchịkwa ihe owuwu pore yana nweta ụfụfụ dị ala. Ọrụ anyị gara aga jiri teknụzụ a rụpụta nnukwu AFS nwere njirimara mgbasawanye ka mma yana nhazi ekwentị maka ngwa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.

Otú ọ dị, n'ihi ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma dị ala nke isi ụfụfụ, mmụba nke ike arụ ọrụ nke AFS dị oke, ya mere mmụba ọzọ nke ike nke isi ụfụfụ dị oké mkpa maka AFS.

Ka ụbọchị, ndị nkịtị ụzọ kọrọ ka mma compressive n'ibu Njirimara nkealuminom ụfụfụbụ ndị a: n'elu ọgwụgwọ, okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ, na mkwado site na-agbakwunye ahụ, eriri, alloying ọcha, wdg N'ime ha, obere carbon eriri na obere njupụta, elu na-agbanwe modulus, na nnukwu akụkụ ruru dọtara obosara anya dị ka ekwe nkwa ume ihe. Ọzọkwa, n'elu metallization nke carbon fibers, site electroplating ma ọ bụ kemịkalụ plating dị ka ọla kọpa plating ma ọ bụ nickel plating, na-eme ka wettability nke carbon eriri na aluminum gbazee na-ezere emerụ interfacial mmeghachi omume n'etiti carbon eriri na aluminum gbazee. A na-eji eriri carbon dị mkpụmkpụ eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe iji mee ka ihe mejupụtara matriks aluminom sie ike.

Bhav Singhetal. eriri carbon nke nwere ọla kọpa akwadoro kwadoro ihe mejupụtara matrix aluminom site na usoro nkedo mkpali. Muetal. Ngwakọta matriks aluminom emepụtara site na iji eriri carbon mkpuchi nickel mesie ike site na iji usoro nkedo mpịakọta abụọ. Nsonaazụ gosipụtara mmụba dị ịrịba ama na ike nkwụsị nke ihe ndị mejupụtara ya na mgbakwunye nke eriri carbon. Agbanyeghị, enwere nyocha ole na ole emere naaluminom ụfụfụ mesiri ikena eriri carbon ekpuchiri ọla kọpa. Caoetal. Ebu ụzọ kwadebere eriri carbon nke nwere ọla kọpa mere ka ụfụfụ aluminom sie ike site na usoro ịgbaze ụfụfụ. Nsonaazụ gosipụtara na 0.35 vol% nke Cf nwere ike mee ka ụfụfụ aluminom guzosie ike site na igbochi ihe nkiri mmiri mmiri, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke eriri ndị agbakwunyere na ụfụfụ na-esiwanye ike. Muetal. gosiri na a na-eme ka ihe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ nke ụfụfụ aluminom kwadebere site na usoro ịgbaze ụfụfụ na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma na mgbakwunye nke Cf.

N'ihi ya, enwere ike ikwubi na mgbakwunye nke Cf nwere ike ịbụ atụmatụ dị irè iji kwalite nkwụsi ike nke ụfụfụ na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ n'otu oge.aluminom foams. Ọzọkwa, enwebeghị akụkọ ọ bụla na carbon fibers-plated carbon fibers na-eme ka aluminom foam sandwich panels kwadoro site na usoro ntụ ntụ ntụ, nke na-akpali ndị nchọpụta ime nchọpụta miri emi karị na mpaghara a.

Ọtụtụ ọmụmụ e rụrụ na nucleation usoro na nkwụsi ike nkealuminom foamsna mgbakwunye na agba ume usoro. Ọdịiche dị na ọnụọgụ pore na morphology pore,

dị ka nha, nkesa, na ọdịdị, na-emekarị ka usoro nucleation na nkwụsi ike. Mmetụta nucleation dị iche iche na usoro nkwụsi ike netwọk oxide na sistemu metallurgy ntụ ntụ enyochala nke ọma. Quaternary alloy powders nke nwere Al-Si-Mg-Cu ejiri mee ihe n'akwụkwọ a egosipụtala ọnụego mgbasawanye pụrụ iche na obere ụfụfụ, yana okpomoku siri ike nke 507 ◦C yana okpomọkụ nke 596 ◦C. Ka o sina dị, enweghi nyocha gbasara usoro nucleation, nkwụsi ike, na ihe arụrụ arụrụ arụ nke ngwugwu ntụ ntụ nwere ụdị ihe a, karịsịa mgbe ị na-etinye Cf. N'ime ọrụ ndị gara aga, nyocha nke usoro nucleation na usoro nkwụsi ike bụ nke a na-eme site na ụzọ ndị na-abụghị ọnọdụ, gụnyere nyocha nke ihe nlele nke na-ajụ oyi ngwa ngwa na-esochi nkwụsị ụfụfụ. N'ụzọ dị mwute, submicron afụ nucleation nke mbụ na-eme n'oge kpo oku na-aga n'ihu ma na-agbasa ngwa ngwa n'ime oge etiti oge site na 100 ms ruo 1 s, na-ebutekarị ihe ịma aka maka nleba anya ozugbo. Usoro ihe onyonyo X-ray nke synchrotron nke oge a nwere ike dị elu na mkpebi spatiotemporal, na-enye ohere maka ezigbo oge, n'ọnọdụ nlele nke nucleation na usoro uto nke ụfụfụ aluminom na oke okpomọkụ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ bụ naanị ndị nchọpụta ole na ole enyochala kinetics nke ụfụfụ nke Al-Si-Mg alloy powder site na synchrotron radieshon. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, García-Morenoetal. kọrọ ihe dị egwu dị egwu na ụfụfụ aluminum mmiri mmiri, gụnyere nucleation na uto, nhazigharị afụ, mweghachi mmiri mmiri, agglomeration, na mgbawa ihe nkiri. Kamm et al. mụọ usoro nucleation na uto nke AlSi8Mg4 aluminum foam site synchrotron radieshon. Ihe nchoputa ha gosiri na hydrogen sitere na nbibi nke adsorbates n'elu igwe uzuzu na-egosi uzo ozo di egwu. N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ihe ndị na-ebu ụzọ dị mgbagwoju anya, na ike nke ụfụfụ nwere ike imetụta site na nhazi ha. Maka usoro ntụ ntụ Al-Si-Cu-Mg yana usoro ntụ ntụ nke Al-Si-Cu-Mg yana Cf agbakwunyere, ịghọta na nyocha mmalite na uto nke ụfụfụ ígwè dị oké mkpa maka mmepe nhazi nke ụfụfụ ahụ iji meziwanye ihe onwunwe. maka ngwa.

N'ime ọrụ a, Cf/AFS na AFS nwere njikọ ihu igwe na-eme ka ọ dị mma kwadebere site na usoro nchara nchara nchara. Ahụrụ evolushọn nke Cf/AFS na AFS na ọnọdụ site na radieshon synchrotron iji kpughee usoro nke Cf na nucleation afụ, uto na njikọta, na nkwụsi ike. Na mgbakwunye, Cf/AFS na AFS na-agbapụta ụfụfụ na 620 ◦C maka 15 min n'ime ọkụ ụlọ. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, e ji mara nkesa nha pore, microstructure pore, na akụrụngwa mkpakọ nke ihe nlele foamed ahụ ma nwalee. Dabere na ọmụmụ ndị a kpọtụrụ aha, a na-enyocha usoro na ike mkpakọ nke Cf/AFS na AFS n'usoro.

2. Akụrụngwa na ụzọ

2.1. Ngwaọrụ

Ejiri akụrụngwa isii maka ịkwadebe AFS na Cf / AFS: Al ntụ ntụ (nkezi nha: 45 μm, ịdị ọcha> 99.70%), Si ntụ ntụ (nkezi nha: 38 μm, ịdị ọcha> 99.50%), Cu ntụ ntụ (nkezi nha: 38 μm, ịdị ọcha> 99.90%), mg ntụ ntụ (nkezi nha: 75 μm, ịdị ọcha> 99.70%), TiH2 ntụ ntụ (nkezi nha: 45 μm, ịdị ọcha> 99.70%), na eriri carbon nke ọla kọpa (nkezi nha: 1 ~ 2 mm, ọkpụrụkpụ nke mkpuchi ọla kọpa: 1.4 μm).

2.2. Mwepụta nke Cf/AFS

A na-egosipụta atụmatụ nke usoro nchikota ntụ ntụ ntụ n'ime yaIhe osise 1. N'oge ngwakọta ahụ, a kwadebere ntụ ntụ AlSi6Mg4Cu4 nke anọ, yana ntụ ntụ nke Al, Si, Cu, na Mg n'ogo nke 86 wt%, 6 wt%, 4 wt%, na 4 wt%, n'otu n'otu. 1 wt% oxidized TiH2 ntụ ntụ (ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ na ikuku maka 1.5 h na 470 ◦C) ka agbakwunyere dị ka onye na-efe efe nke na-ahapụ H2 ngwa ngwa na okpomọkụ gbazee na-agbasawanye agbaze. Na mgbakwunye, 0.5 wt% nke eriri carbon ka etinyere dị ka usoro agbam ume. N'ụzọ dị mkpa, iji welie wettability na igbochi mmeghachi omume na-emerụ ahụ dị ka Al4C3 na fiber-aluminom gbazee interface n'oge ụfụfụ, carbon fibers bụ ọla kọpa kpuchie site na electroplating. A kọwara usoro electroplating na Refs.Ihe osise 2na-egosi eriri carbon nke kpuchiri ọla kọpa enwetara site na usoro ịgbanye electroless. Ihe mkpuchi ahụ nwere otu na mkpuchi na-aga n'ihu nke elu eriri(Fig. 2 (a)–(b)). N'ikpeazụ, a kwadebere ngwakọta alloy dị iche iche ejiri n'ime ọmụmụ ihe a site na ịgwakọta ntụ ntụ ndị a kpọtụrụ aha na na enweghị Cf na igwekota akụkụ atọ maka awa 3. A na-ekpuchi ntụ ntụ agwakọtara ọnụ n'ime oghere mechiri emechi, usoro ntụgharị oyi na ọkụ na-esote.

Oyi na-atụgharị oyi na-ewepụ ikuku nke ọma n'ime oghere na oghere dị n'etiti ihe ndị ahụ site na ọtụtụ ngafe na obere ịda mbà n'obi. Ọkpụkpụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-eme ka a hụ na onye na-aga n'ihu na-enweta njupụta ikwu karịa 98% site na nhazi nke panel na ntụ ntụ, nke na-eme ka usoro ụfụfụ na-esote. A kọwapụtara usoro ntụgharị zuru oke na Refs. A na-enweta AFS na Cf/AFS foamable precursors site na usoro ahụ ekwuru. N'ikpeazụ, a na-ekpo ọkụ abụọ nke ụfụfụ na-ekpo ọkụ na 620 ◦C maka 15 min iji mepụta ụdị Cf / AFS na AFS, bụ ndị a na-eji maka nyocha nha nha, njirimara microstructural, na nyocha ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa.

2.3. Njirimara na ụzọ nnwale

2.3.1. Njiri mara microstructural

A na-enyocha morphology Microstructure nke Cf/AFS na AFS site na nyocha eletrọn microscopy (SEM, Zeiss Ultra Plus). A na-eji ike dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) chọpụta nhazi nke usoro dị iche iche na mgbidi cell nke ihe atụ nke ụfụfụ. A na-enweta akụkụ ogologo ogologo nke ihe nlele ahụ site n'ịbelata ihe atụ nke ụfụfụ na-eji igwe eletrik (EDM, DK7745). Na-eso nke a, a na-eji agba kpuchiri akụkụ ogologo oge ihe atụ ahụ wee were ájá 800-grit na 1500-grit, n'otu n'otu. N'ikpeazụ, a na-ekpebi dayameta sel sel (Dmean) nke akụkụ obe a na-egbu maramara site na iji ngwanrọ nyocha onyonyo, Image Pro Plus 6.0.

Ihe osise 1.Atụmatụ nke usoro nkwakọba Rolling powder metallurgy.

Ihe osise 2.Ihe onyonyo SEM nke (a) eriri carbon nke ejiri ọla kọpa kpuchie, na (b) na-egosi nleba anya n'akụkụ mpaghara nke square uhie na (a). Onyonyo (c) na (d) bụ nsonaazụ EDS nke isi A na (b).

Ihe osise 3.Eserese atụmatụ nke nhazi nnwale radieshon synchrotron.

2.3.2. Nleba anya n'ime-ụfụfụ site na radieshon synchrotron

A na-esetịpụ eserese schematic nke nhazi nnwale radieshon synchrotronIhe osise 3. Emere nnwale ndị a na beamline 4W1A nke Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF, Beijing Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China). N'adịghị ka eserese nnabata-iche, akwụkwọ a na-eji eserese oge-iche na Synchrotron Radiation Light Source. Usoro a na-eleba anya na njedebe nke onyonyo mmịpụta ọdịnala, nke na-adịghị arụ ọrụ maka iji anya nke uche hụ ihe na-adịghị ike. A na-eme usoro ịfụfụ nke ụdị n'ime ọkụ a haziri ahazi, na-egosipụta windo square 15 mm na 15 mm nke edobere n'akụkụ ntụzịaka X-ray. Nha sample, dị ka e gosiri na Fig. 3, tụrụ 15 mm × 15 mm × 2 mm. A na-etinye ihe nlele ahụ n'ụdị ụfụfụ nke nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ ụfọdụ nke mpempe akwụkwọ seramiiki. N'oge usoro ụfụfụ ahụ, ụzarị X nwere ike ịgafe na nlele ahụ wee jide ya site na igwefoto ngwaọrụ jikọtara ụgwọ (CCD). Isi iyi X-ray a họọrọ na-arụ ọrụ na ike nke 20 Kev, na oke nlele nke 7.4 mm × 7.4 mm ka a na-arụ ọrụ iji mee ka nlele zuru oke nke usoro ụfụfụ dum.

Okwesiri iburu n'uche na a na-edobe ihe nlele a huru n'uzo n'usoro n'usoro ntughari na uzo tangential. Ma ihe mmalite nke nwere 0.5 wt% Cf na ndị na-enweghị 0.5 wt% Cf wepụrụ akụkụ ha n'akụkụ abụọ nke ihe nlele site na iji EDM. Achọpụtara mmetụta nke Cf na njirimara ụfụfụ nke ụfụfụ aluminom. Ọzọkwa, a na-awụpụ ihe ndị na-ebu ụzọ nwere ihe dị iche iche n'otu ọkụ ọkụ ahụ na okpomọkụ nke 620 ◦C.

2.3.3. Nnwale nrụkọ ọrụ mkpakọ

A na-egbutu ihe nrịbama nke mkpakọ n'ime ụdị cylindrical nke dị elu nke 23 mm na dayameta nke 20 mm site na EDM, a na-ahụkwa na ntụziaka ọ bụla gụnyere ma ọ dịkarịa ala 10 zuru ezu pores iji zere mmetụta nha. Emere ule mkpakọ Quasi-static na-eso ụkpụrụ ISO13314-2011 na GB/T31930-2015, na-eji igwe nyocha ihe elektrọn AG-XPLUS nke nwere oke ibu nke 100 KN. A nwalere ihe nlele atọ maka otu ọ bụla, na akụkụ mgbaka nrụgide nrụgide na akwụkwọ a na-anọchi anya nkezi nsonaazụ enwetara site na nlele atọ a nwalere. Emere ule niile n'okpuru njikwa mbugharị, na-ejigide ọsọ isi na-agafe 2 mm/min (nke kwekọrọ na ọnụọgụ mbụ nke 10-3 s-1) na okpomọkụ ụlọ.

Foto 4.Ihe onyonyo synchrotron sitere na oge ewepụtara nke usoro ụfụfụ Cf/AFS: (a) precursor na-enweghị ụfụfụ na oge t0 nke 380 ◦C; (b)– (c) mgbaze nke ọla kọpa elemental na ụdị nke II nucleation n'oge precursor agbaze; (d)– (g) nucleation dị iche iche na usoro uto nke afụ; na (h)–(i) afụ ọnụ na-ejikọta na mgbawa.

3. Nsonaazụ na mkparịta ụka

3.1. N'ime ọnọdụ ịfụfụ n'okpuru radieshon synchrotron

3.1.1. Foam evolushọn nke Cf/AFS

Foto 4na-egosiputa usoro onyonyo radieshon synchrotron na-egosi usoro ịfụfụ nke Cf/AFS. Ihe onyonyo izizi nke Cf/AFS(Fig 4 (a))E jidere mgbe matriks ahụ nọ na steeti siri ike na 380 ◦C, na oge a ka edobere ka t0. Tụnyere ihe ndị ọzọ dị na precursor, Cf na-apụta oji n'ime matriks aluminom bara ụba na-acha ntụ ntụ. Enwere ike ịsị na nke a bụ nnukwu ọla kọpa dị n'elu eriri, dị ka egosiri naFig. 2(c)–(d), nke nwere oke atomiki kacha ibu tụnyere akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke precursor. Ọzọkwa, a na-ahụ ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime Cf na-agbasasị ma kewapụ iche, kama ikpokọta ọnụ, dị ka egosiri na.Foto 4 (a). Nke a na-egosi na site na mgbakwunye 0.5 wt% nke Cf, usoro mkpali awa 3 nwere ike nweta ọnọdụ mgbasasị chọrọ nke ọma.

Na t0+194s (dị ka a hụrụ naFoto 4 (b)), enwere ike ịhụ ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ọcha, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okirikiri okirikiri nwere dayameta sitere na 90 μm ruo 180 μm na matrix aluminum gray (nke ejiri akụ na-acha uhie uhie akara). Ọnụọgụ nke afụ gara n'ihu na-abawanye n'ime s 46, dịka egosiri naFoto 4 (c). Na mgbakwunye, mgbanwe ọzọ dị ịrịba ama na-ewere ọnọdụ na matriks bụ na ụfọdụ obere egosipụta na-etolite n'elu Cf site na mmalite nke dissolutions Cu (akara na igbe nwere ntụpọ uhie). O yikarịrị ka ọ bụ ụdị nucleation II nke na-eme n'ime kọmpat ntụ ntụ nwere ọla kọpa. A kwenyere n'ọtụtụ ebe na mgbakwunye Cu na-ebelata oke okpomọkụ nke alloys. Nke a na-ebute mgbaze mpaghara n'akụkụ akụkụ ntụ ntụ n'otu n'otu na ntụ ntụ nwere ntụ ntụ ọla kọpa n'oge usoro kpo oku, na-ewepụta nnukwu ego nke Al-Si-Mg-Cu quaternary eutectic gbazee na obere okpomọkụ. Ọdọ mmiri eutectic nke quaternary na-achọ ka ọ bụrụ mpaghara na-adịghị ike na alloy yana ọ na-adịkarị mfe ikpochapụ. N'ihi ya, afụ na-enwekarị ike imebi ma tolite n'akụkụ ihe mkpuchi ọla kọpa n'elu eriri. Ọzọkwa, obere obere mmiri mmiri dị na matriks n'oge a na-eme ka gas sitere na ire ere nke TiH2 na-agbakọ ngwa ngwa na matrix aluminum. Ụdị nuclear II nwere ike zere nke ọma gas na-akwakọba na-amanye obere akụkụ nke mmiri mmiri matriks dị iche iche na ịgbasa mgbawa site na mmiri mmiri ahụ, na-ebute nnukwu mfu nke ọnụọgụ hydrogen.

Foto 4 (d)na-egosi na egosipụta na mbụ nukleate na-eto eto na mpaghara nke Cf ka matriks na-agbaze kpamkpam, na afụ ebe kwekọrọ na oyi akwa ọla kọpa na-apụ n'anya (akara na igbe nwere ntụpọ uhie). O doro anya na mgbakwunye nke usoro nke abụọ na-abawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ nke saịtị nucleation dị iche iche, si otú ahụ na-ebelata ihe mgbochi ike maka ịmepụta egosipụta ọhụrụ n'ime ihe mgbaze. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọnụọgụ nucleation metụtara mkpokọta nucleation dị iche iche n'otu olu otu nkeji. N'ihi ya, enwere ike ịhụ na afụ ndị ahụ na-ebute ụzọ na saịtị ebe eriri carbon dị ma gbasaa n'ogologo nke eriri carbon. Site na mmụba ọzọ na ntakiri mgbaze, ọtụtụ afụ ọhụrụ na-aga n'ihu na-esi na ya pụtaFig. 4 (e)–4(g). Agbanyeghị, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke njikọta mpaghara na mgbawa nke afụ na-adị nwayọ, na-egosi na afụ ahụ nwere nkwụsi ike dị elu. Na t0 + 426s, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke egosipụta na-abawanye nke ukwuu, yana

olu nke mbụ na-egosipụta nnukwu mgbasawanye(Fig. 4 (h)). Ọzọkwa, ihe omume nke ụfọdụ afụ ijikọ (akara na ụta na-acha uhie uhie), ebe ndị ka ukwuu na-etinye obere afụ n'ihi Ostwald maturation, bụ usoro a na-apụghị izere ezere n'oge evolushọn nke ụfụfụ ọla [40]. Ihe omume maturation a na-ebutekwa mpụta nke ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke nnukwu afụ na-adịghị agafe agafe (nke ejiri ụta na-acha uhie uhie na akara).Foto 4 (i)).

Foto 5.Onyonyo ewepụtara oge nke usoro ụfụfụ nke AFS na ọkwa dị iche iche: (a) precursor enweghị agbaze na oge t0 nke 380 ◦C; (b) mgbasa nke ọla kọpa elemental na ụdị nke II nucleation n'oge agbaze precursor; (c) nucleation na uto usoro nke egosipụta; na (d)– (f) afụ ọnụ na-ejikọta na mgbawa.

3.1.2. Foam evolushọn nke AFS

Fig 5 na-egosiputa usoro ihe oyiyi radieshon synchrotron na-egosi usoro ụfụfụ nke AFS. Dị ka Cf/AFS, e weghaara ihe oyiyi mbụ maka usoro radieshon synchrotron mgbe AFS nọ na usoro siri ike na 380 ◦C (lee.Foto 5 (a)). Mgbe matriks ahụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'elu okpomoku siri ike, a na-ahụ obere afụ ọchaFig. 5 (b) na (c), sitere na nbibi nke TiH2 na ihe omume nke ụdị II nucleation na mpaghara Cu-ọgaranya. Otú ọ dị, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke afụ emepụta na njupụta nkesa ha naFoto 5 (c)ọ dị obere ma e jiri ya tụnyereFoto 4 (c). Nke a na-egosi na Cf/AFS na-enye ọtụtụ ọwa maka ntọhapụ gas n'oge n'oge nucleation, na-egbochi oke for-mation nke cracks na aluminum matrix na obere mmiri mmiri nta.

Enwere ike ịhụ ọnụọgụ ole na ole nke saịtị nucleation AFS na ohere dị elu nke uto afụ na-adịghị mma ma e jiri ya tụnyere Cf/AFS site na.Fig. 5(d)–(f). Evolushọn nke AFS afụ anaghị adịkarị, na nha ha na-egosipụta mgbanwe dị ukwuu n'ihi ịdịkọ ọnụ nke afụ ọnụ nke micrometer abụọ na nnukwu egosipụta nha millimita na-ezighi ezi (nke ejiri akụ na-acha uhie uhie akara). Ọzọkwa, enweghị ntụkwasị obi a na inhomogeneity n'oge mmalite nucleation usoro nwere ike ịkpata nnukwu ọdịiche dị na ikpeazụ pore Ọdịdị na n'ibu Njirimara n'etiti AFS na Cf / AFS.

3.2. Nyocha nke macrostructure

Iji nyochaa ọdịiche dị na macroscopic pore morphology na pore dayameta n'etiti AFS na Cf / AFS, a kwadebere ihe owuwu sanwichi abụọ n'okpuru ọnọdụ ụlọ nyocha na okpomọkụ nke ụfụfụ nke 620 ◦C maka 15 min. E gosipụtara macrostructures na nkesa nha cell nke AFS na Cf/AFS naFoto 6. Ntụnyere akụkụ kwụ ọtọ nke ihe atụ Sanwichi abụọ ahụ na-ekpughe na ụfụfụ Cf/AFS nwere sel ndị mara mma yana obere ntụpọ dị ka mgbawa ma ọ bụ ijikọ sel (lee.Foto nke 6 (b)). N'ụzọ megidere nke ahụ, dị ka e gosiri naFoto nke 6 (a), AFS na-egosiputa homogeneity pore na-adịghị mma na ọnụnọ nke ụfọdụ pores na-adịghị mma. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, dayameta pore nhata maka AFS na Cf/AFS bụ 2.9 ± 0.2 mm na 1.9 ± 0.1 mm, n'otu n'otu, na-atụ aro na a na-emezi dayameta pore site na mgbakwunye nke Cf (lee.Fig. 6(c) na (d)).

Mgbanwe nke ihe owuwu pore na-emetụta usoro asọmpi abụọ: nbibi nke TiH2 na ijikọta na nkwụsị nke ụfụfụ. Nbibi nke TiH2 na-enye aka n'ịbawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nucleation, porosity, na mgbasawanye, ebe nchịkọta na nkwụsị nke egosipụta na-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke pores ma na-abawanye dayameta nke pores. Mbelata nke njikọ afụ na ihe omume mgbawa na-enye aka n'inweta nhazi cellular ka mma. N'ihi ya, nkwụsi ike dị elu nke ụfụfụ ahụ dị mkpa iji nọgide na-enwe ịdị n'otu nke ihe owuwu pore n'oge usoro ụfụfụ. Maka Cf/AFS, mgbakwunye nke Cf na-eme ka wettability nke eriri na aluminom gbazee. Yiri ụfụfụ aluminom nke Cf a na-akọ [44] nke a kwadebere site na usoro ịgbaze ụfụfụ, mgbakwunye nke Cf na-eme ka ụfụfụ aluminom guzosie ike site na igbochi mgbawa mgbidi cell na ibelata agglomeration. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, Cf nwere ike ịmepụta usoro ntanetị dị ka mgbidi cell, nke na-emepụta ike nkewa ma na-egbochi nkwụsị nke egosipụta, si otú a na-eme ka usoro cell dịkwuo mma, nkwụsi ike ụfụfụ, na ịdị n'otu nke nkesa pore.

3.3. Njiri mara microstructural

Foto 7 (a)na-egosi microstructure nke mgbidi cell mgbe ọ gbasịrị ụfụfụ na AFS. Dị ka a kọrọ maka AlSi6Cu4Mg4 alloy foams, eutectic Al-Si, Mg2Si, Al2Cu, na Al5Cu2Mg8Si6, dị na alloy, nke kwekọrọ na nchoputa enwetara site na nyocha EDS na.Foto nke 7 (b). Usoro ndị a na-agbaji agbawa na-ebelata ihe arụrụ arụ nke ụfụfụ aluminom site n'ime ka mgbidi pore daa mbà ma ọ bụ na-eme ihe dị ka isi iyi mgbawa n'oge nrụrụ. Ya mere, ịkwalite ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe nke mgbidi pore site na mgbakwunye nke usoro ịgba ume bụ atụmatụ dị irè ma dị irè.

Maka Cf/AFS, enwere ike ịhụ ya site naFoto 7 (c) na (d)na Cf na-ekesa n'ime mgbidi cell ma ọ bụ na nsọtụ nke mgbidi cell, na-egosi Cf nwere ọmarịcha wettability na aluminum gbazee. Ọzọkwa, a na-ahụta ya (tụ akaFoto 7 (d)) na ntakịrị ego nke usoro Al2Cu agbagoro na-etolite na interface n'etiti eriri na aluminom gbazee. Ihe omume a na-enye aka n'inweta njikọ siri ike n'etiti eriri na matriks. Enwere ike ịhụ ọganihu nke mmeghachi omume mgbasa ozi aFig. 4 (a)–(c). Rịba ama na, usoro a na-agbanye ọkụ anaghị agba gburugburu carbon fibers kpamkpam, na steeti na ọnụọgụ nke nkesa a bara uru maka Cf/AFS. Dabere na ọmụmụ nke Lv et al, na Cf gbasiri ike aluminom matrix ihe mejupụtara, egosipụtara na ọnụ ọgụgụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke usoro ebili mmiri nwere ike imetụta ma mezie njikọ njikọ ihu.

Foto 6.Akụkụ kwụ ọtọ nke ihe nlele nnọchi anya (a) AFS na (b) Cf/AFS. A na-egosi dayameta nke nhata na nha nha nha nha nha nha nhata na (a) na (b) na (c) na (d), n'otu n'otu. Ahịrị siri ike na-aga n'ihu na (c) na (d) na-anọchi anya ihe dabara adaba. Regression (R2) na-anọchite anya ịdị mma nke dabara.

Foto 7.Foto SEM (a) na (b) na-egosi microstructures kwekọrọFoto 6(a) AFS naFoto 6(b) Cf/AFS, n'otu n'otu, Ọzọkwa,Foto 7(b) na (d) na-egosi mpụta mpaghara mpagharaFoto 7(a) na (c), n'otu n'otu.

3.4. Usoro nke Cf na-eme ka ụfụfụ Al-Si-Mg-Cu guzosie ike

Dabere na nyocha ahụ a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu, a na-achịkọta ihe ngosipụta nke usoro ụfụfụ maka Cf/AFS na AFS naFoto 8. Ọdịiche dị ịrịba ama dị n'etiti Cf/AFS na AFS na ọkwa nucleation, uto afụ, na nrịkọba, yana ọkwa nkwado nwayọọ nwayọọ, dị ka e gosiri naFig. 8 (a) na (b).

Foto 8.Eserese atụmatụ nke Cf/AFS na omume ịfụfụ AFS: (a) Cf/AFS; na (b) AFS.

Na nucleation ogbo nke AlSi6Cu4Mg4 alloy foams, afụ na-achọkarị imebi n'ime mmiri mmiri quaternary eutectic nke gbara gburugburu ahụ ọla kọpa, kama nucleate na ọnọdụ nke TiH2 ahụ. Ụdị nucleation a na mpaghara kachasị ike nke precursor (ụdị II nucleation) na-enye ọtụtụ ụzọ mgbapụ maka gas ndị TiH2 na-emepụta, na-ezere nchịkọta nke gas na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ na-agbasa na aluminum gbazee. O doro anya na mgbakwunye nke eriri carbon nke nwere ọla kọpa na-emepụtakwu ọwa maka ịtọhapụ H2. Otú ọ dị, ebe ọ bụ na aluminom na-agbaze enweghị oke mmiri mmiri zuru oke n'oge a, ọ na-esiri ike maka obere egosipụta inwe isi iyi H2 zuru oke iji nọgide na-eto eto. N'ihi ya, obere afụ ndị a na-agbawa n'ime agbaze ka okpomọkụ na-ebili. Mgbe agbazere ihe mbụ ahụ kpamkpam, H2 a tọhapụrụ site na mmeghachi omume dehydrogenation na-eme ihe ike nke TiH2 ga-emebi ma too ngwa ngwa dabere na isi nucleation. Cf na-enye ọtụtụ saịtị nucleation dị iche iche maka ọgbọ nke afụ, nke na-abawanye ọnụego nucleation nke ukwuu. N'otu oge ahụ, ọnụnọ Cf na-egbochi kọntaktị na njikọta nke ihe ndị bụ isi ma na-ezere nguzobe nke nnukwu afụ.

N'oge uto na nchikota nke afụ, mgbakwunye nke Cf na-eme ka nkwụsi ike nke ụfụfụ dịkwuo mma. Ihe kpatara ya bụ na Cf na aluminom gbazee nwere ezigbo wettability, na eriri nwere ike ọnyà ngwa ngwa n'etiti oghere gas-mmiri abụọ iji mepụta usoro netwọk (dị ka egosiri na ya).Foto 7 (c)). Dị ka ihe nkiri mmiri mmiri na-adị ntakịrị, eriri nwere ike ịmepụta nrụgide nkewa iji guzogide mmịpụta site na ókèala ala dị larịị, si otú a na-egbochi ihe nkiri mmiri mmiri ịgbawa. Ya mere Cf/AFS chọrọ ogologo oge ụfụfụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere AFS, na nkwụsi ike dị elu nke nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe otu ụdị nke pore n'oge evolushọn nke ụfụfụ.

N'oge a na-agbasi ike ngwa ngwa, afụ dị na Cf/AFS anaghịzi eto ma eriri ndị ahụ na-etinye n'ime mgbidi cell (nke ejiri igbe nwere ntụpọ uhie). Njide a nke eriri na-egbochi nnabata nke obere egosipụta site na ndị buru ibu, dị ka a na-ahụ na Ostwald maturation, ma na-egbochi mgbidi mgbidi cell n'ihi mgbasawanye siri ike. N'ihi nke a, Cf/AFS na-egosipụta usoro pore dị n'otu na obere ntụpọ pore ma e jiri ya tụnyere AFS.

3.5. Ngwa igwe

A na-egosi akụkụ nke nrụgide nrụgide nrụgide maka Cf/AFS na AFS nwere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu porosity (83.2% na 81.4%, n'otu n'otu) n'otu n'otu.Foto 9 (a). Usoro mgbaka mgbakasị ahụ na-egosiputa njirimara steepụ atọ dị iche iche, gụnyere mpaghara na-agbanwe ahịrị ahịrị, mpaghara ala dị larịị, na mpaghara njupụta. Ike mkpụrụ nke AFS na Cf/AFS bụ 8.44 MPa na 11.87 MPa, n'otu n'otu. Ike mmụkọ mkpakọ nke Cf/AFS mụbara site na 40.6% ma e jiri ya tụnyere AFS. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ikike nnabata ike nke Cf/AFS dị mma karịa nke AFS n'otu ụdị ahụ, dị ka egosiri na.Foto 9 (b). Ike absorption ike nke AFS na Cf/AFS bụ ihe dịka 3.3 MJ/m3 na 6.1 MJ/m3, n'otu n'otu. A na-emeziwanye ikike nnabata ike nke Cf/AFS site na 84.8% ma e jiri ya tụnyere AFS.

Foto 9.Mkpịsị aka nrụgide-mgbagwoju anya ụgbọ oloko na ike absorption ikike akụkụ nke Cf/AFS na AFS: (a) mkpakọ nrụgide-mgbọ okporo ígwè; (b) ike absorption akụkụ akụkụ.

Ntinye aka nke Cf kwalitere njiri arụ ọrụ nke isi ụfụfụ. A maara nke ọma na n'ibu Njirimara nkealuminom ụfụfụnwere njikọ chiri anya na pore Ọdịdị na strut n'ibu Njirimara. Nyocha macrostructural gosiri na mgbakwunye nke Cf nụchara nha nke pore, kwalite nkesa pore, ma belata ntụpọ pore. Yiri nchoputa nke Sasikumar et al. na Yangetal. Obere dayameta pore na nkesa pore dị warara na-aba uru karị iji welie ike mkpakọ na ike nnabata ike. Ọzọkwa, mmetụta nke microstructure na akụrụngwa akụrụngwa nke ụfụfụ bụ tumadi n'ihi Cf agbakwunyere na mgbidi pore nke ụfụfụ ahụ. Mgbasa na mgbasa nke ọla kọpa kpuchie nke eriri carbon na matrix aluminom nwere ike nweta njikọ siri ike n'etiti eriri na matrix aluminom, nke na-enye aka na mbufe ibu. Igwe eriri carbon dị elu nke etinyere na mgbidi pore nwere ike igbochi nrụrụ nke mgbidi pore n'okpuru ibu mkpakọ ma melite ikike ibu ibu. Ihe ndị a niile na-akwado Cf/AFS iji nweta ike mkpụrụ dị elu na ike nnabata ike ma e jiri ya tụnyere AFS.

4. Mkpebi

A kwadebere Cf/AFS na AFS site na usoro nchikota ntụ ntụ na-arụ ọrụ a. Ahụrụ omume ụfụfụ nke Cf/AFS na AFS nke ọma site na radieshon synchrotron gaa

nyochaa mmetụta Cf na nucleation na uto afụ. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a na-enyocha Cf na morphology pore, nkesa pore, na mkpakọ nke ụfụfụ aluminum. Isi nkwubi okwu bụ ndị a:

(1) Synchrotron radieshon na nlebanya ọnọdụ na-ekpughe na ma Cf/AFS na usoro ụfụfụ AFS na-egosipụta usoro atọ dị iche iche: nucleation afụ, uto afụ na njikọta, na ike.

N'iji ya tụnyere AFS, usoro ịfụfụ nke Cf/AFS na-egosipụta nkwụsi ike dị elu na otu afụ. AFS na-adịkarị mfe ịmepụta pores buru ibu na nke siri ike n'oge usoro evolushọn pore. Na mgbakwunye, a na-ekwu na ọdịiche ahụ sitere na mmetụta nucleation dị iche iche nke Cf, nke na-egbochi mgbawa mgbidi afụ ma na-ebelata coalescence ka ọ na-abawanye ọnụego nucleation.

(2) Mgbakwunye nke 0.5 wt.% Cf na-emezi nha nha nha nha site na 2.9 ± 0.2 mm ruo 1.9 ± 0.1 mm, na-ebelata oke ntụpọ pore. N'otu oge ahụ, microstructure na-ekpughe ezigbo wettability nke Cf, nke a na-ekesa n'akụkụ mgbidi pore na ikuku siri ike, si otú ahụ na-eme ka nkwụsi ike nke ụfụfụ.

(3) Tụnyere AFS, ike mkpụrụ mkpakọ na ike nnabata ike nke Cf/AFS mụbara site na ihe dịka 40.6% na 84.8%, n'otu n'otu. Nchọpụta nke ọmụmụ a nwere ike inye echiche maka nkwado nke aluminom foam sandwich panels na metallurgical bonding interfaces nke nwere ikike maka ngwa injinia n'ọhịa nke ụgbọ ala na ụlọ ọrụ ikuku.

Edemede sitere na Journal of Materials Research and Technology