Kuwona mtengo wa zinthu thovu zitsulo

Chithovu chachitsulo ndi mtundu wazinthu zachitsulo zomwe zimapanga zinthu zambiri zamitundu itatu muzitsulo zachitsulo, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti porous zitsulo thovu, zomwe zadziwika kwambiri kunyumba ndi kunja chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwake zitsulo ndi zinthu zina zapadera. katundu wa nonmetals. M'zaka 50 zapitazi, pakhala kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pakukula kwa thovu lachitsulo, chitukuko cha ntchito ndi maphunziro amalingaliro azinthu zake.
Kuphatikiza "chithovu" ndi "zitsulo" mfundo ziwiri, sitingachitire mwina koma kuganiza kutichitsulo thovuzakuthupi Chili ndi ubwino wa zinthu ziwirizi: kusunga ductility kwambiri zitsulo, weldability ndi madutsidwe magetsi pa nthawi yomweyo, ndi mayamwidwe mphamvu ndi mantha mayamwidwe, lamayimbidwe phokoso kuchepetsa, breathable ndi madzi permeable, ndi ubwino wina wapadera.
Zitsulo thovu zakuthupiimakhala ndi ma pores achitsulo, gululo limakhala lopanda mphamvu kwambiri, likakanikizidwa ndi kunja, pali magawo atatu opunduka, omwe ndi gawo la zotanuka, siteji yophwanyidwa ndi siteji yosakanikirana, kotero pamene zitsulo zachitsulo zimakhudzidwa, kupsyinjika mwachiwonekere kumatsalira kumbuyo kwa kupsinjika, m'mphepete mwa kupsyinjika kumakhala ndi nthawi yayitali ya dera lamapiri. Sizimangotenga mphamvu zambiri, komanso zimatha kukana kupsinjika kwakukulu kowononga, ndizinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi kukana kwambiri. Akuti kachulukidwe chiŵerengero cha 0,05 ~ 0,15 a aluminiyamu thovu akhoza kuyamwa mphamvu 20 ~ 180 MJ / m2. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kukana kwake, kotero kutialuminium thovuZitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati bumper yagalimoto, zida zoyatsira m'mlengalenga, ma cushioni otetezera ma elevator, mabokosi osiyanasiyana oyikamo, komanso roketi ndi injini za jet, zida zoteteza. Chithovu chachitsulo nthawi zambiri chimakhala pakati pa sangweji ya mbale ziwiri zoyamwa modzidzimutsa komanso zokongoletsa.
Wachibale ndi mitundu ina ya zipangizo porous, zitsulo thovu ali madutsidwe wabwino magetsi, ndi ena kudziletsa kuthandiza luso ndi ubwino wa lalikulu padziko malo kupereka yotakata mawonekedwe mankhwala mlandu kutengerapo danga, porous thovu elekitirodi dongosolo akhoza kwambiri kusintha porosity wa ma elekitirodi, omwe amatha kudzazidwa ndi zinthu zambiri zogwira ntchito, amawonjezera mphamvu ya batri kuti ma elekitirodi a kachulukidwe kameneka kachepetsedwe kwambiri pakuwerengera mphamvu zenizeni zenizeni, moyo wautali, zida zopepuka za batri. perekani mwayi. Chifukwa chake, thovu lachitsulo limakhala chinthu chabwino kwambiri cha elekitirodi, chomwe chili choyenera mabatire osiyanasiyana osungira, ma cell amafuta, mabatire a mpweya ndi ma cell a dzuwa.
Siponjichitsulo thovuzipangizo zambiri ali ndi zinthu zitatu zotsatirazi pa nthawi imodzi: mkulu kutentha kukana, ngakhale kutentha kufika posungunuka aloyi m'munsi si kusungunuka; nthawi yomweyo, ili ndi chigoba chosalala komanso chofanana, ndi zitsulo zopanda porous zomwe zimakhala zofanana ndi kutentha komanso anti-oxidation; mawonekedwe otseguka-pore ali ndi permeability. Mtundu uwu wa titaniyamu thovu zakuthupi, amene amaphatikiza kutentha kutentha kukana, makutidwe ndi okosijeni kukana ndi permeability, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kusefera fumbi pansi pa kutentha kwambiri. Kapangidwe kake ndi kofanana, kukula kwa pore ndikocheperako, komanso kulekanitsa bwino ndikwambiri.