Umuringa wabitswemo karuboni fibre aluminium foam sandwich ikibaho kiranga ugereranije nibisanzwe bya aluminiyumu ifuro sandwich

Aluminium ifuro sandwich(AFS) panne ifite ihuriro ryimiterere nimirimo nkubucucike buke, imbaraga zidasanzwe, kwinjiza ingufu nziza, ubushobozi bwo kugabanya, hamwe no gukingira amashanyarazi. Iyi mico myiza ituma AFS ifite amahirwe menshi mu kirere, mu bwikorezi, no mu nyanja. Ugereranije n’ibyuma gusa, ibyuma byo hanze bya AFS birashobora gufunga neza ifuro kandi bigateza imbere imiterere yubukanishi, nko gukomera no kunama. Muri rusange, AFS yahimbwe nuburyo bwo gufatira hamwe, bikubiyemo guhuza ifuro ya aluminiyumu ku byuma bikomeye ukoresheje epoxy resin yometse.

Nuburyo bwo gufatira hamwe uburyo bwiza bwo kuzamura imiterere, buherekezwa nimbogamizi, harimo imbogamizi mugutunganya no kwanduzwa no gusiba mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa ibintu byangirika. Kugira ngo izo mbogamizi zikemuke, imbaraga nyinshi z’ubushakashatsi zahariwe kugera ku guhuza metallurgjique hagati yikibaho n’ibanze.

Kugeza ubu, uburyo bwiganjemo imyiteguro ya AFS bugamije kugera ku guhuza metallurgiki muri rusange bishyirwa mu byiciro bitatu: gusudira, gushonga ifuro, no gupakira ifu yuzuye ifu ya metallurgie. Muri ubu buryo, uburyo bwo gupakira ifu ya metallurgie ifatwa nkurwego rwo kugenzura imiterere ya pore no kugera kubushyuhe buke. Ibikorwa byacu byabanje byakoresheje ikoranabuhanga muguhimba ingano nini ya AFS ifite imitungo myiza yo kwaguka hamwe nimiterere ya selile kubikorwa byinganda.

Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, bitewe nuburyo bugereranije bwo gukanika ibintu bya tekinike yibyingenzi, kuzamura imbaraga za mashini za AFS ni bike, bityo rero kurushaho kunoza imbaraga zingirakamaro ni ngombwa kuri AFS.

Kugeza magingo aya, uburyo busanzwe bwatangajwe kugirango butezimbere imashini ikomeretsa yaaluminiumni ibi bikurikira: kuvura hejuru, kuvura ubushyuhe, no gushimangira wongeyeho ibice, fibre, ibintu bivangavanze, nibindi. Muri byo, fibre ngufi ya karubone ifite ubucucike buke, modulus yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, hamwe n’ibipimo binini byakuruye abantu benshi nkibikoresho bitanga imbaraga. Byongeye kandi, metallisation yubutaka bwa fibre karubone, ukoresheje amashanyarazi cyangwa amashanyarazi nka plaque y'umuringa cyangwa plaque ya nikel, birusheho kunoza ubudahangarwa bwimitsi ya karubone mumashanyarazi ya aluminiyumu kandi birinda ingaruka mbi ziterwa hagati yimitsi ya karubone na aluminium yashonga. Fibre ngufi ya karubone ubu ikoreshwa cyane mugushimangira aluminium matrix.

Bhav Singhetal. yateguye umuringa usize karuboni fibre yashimangiye aluminiyumu matrix ikoresheje uburyo bwo gutera. Muetal. ibihimbano bya aluminiyumu yahimbwe bishimangirwa na fibre ya karubone ikozwe muri nikel ikoresheje uburyo bubiri bwo gutara. Ibisubizo byagaragaje iterambere ryinshi mumbaraga zingana zingirakamaro hamwe hiyongereyeho fibre fibre. Ariko, habaye ubushakashatsi buke bwakozwe kurialuminiyumu ifuro yashimangiwehamwe na fibre isize umuringa. Caoetal. banza utegure umuringa usize karuboni fibre yashimangiye aluminiyumu ikoresheje uburyo bwo gushonga ifuro. Ibisubizo byerekana ko 0,35 vol% ya Cf ishobora guhagarika ifuro ya aluminiyumu mu gukumira firime yamenetse, kandi uko fibre yongewemo ifuro iba ihagaze neza. Muetal. yerekanye ko imiterere ya damping ya aluminiyumu yateguwe nuburyo bwo gushonga ifuro yashizwe hejuru cyane hiyongereyeho Cf.

Kubera iyo mpamvu, dushobora kwanzura ko kongerwamo Cf bishobora kuba ingamba zifatika zo kunoza icyarimwe kunoza ifuro ryinshi hamwe nubukanishi bwaaluminiyumu. Byongeye kandi, nta raporo yigeze ivuga ku mbaho ​​zometseho umuringa wa fibre zongerewe imbaraga za aluminium foam sandwich zateguwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa powder metallurgie, butera abashakashatsi gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse muri uru rwego.

Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwakozwe ku buryo bwa nucleation no gutuza kwaaluminiyumuhamwe no kongeramo ibyiciro bishimangira. Itandukaniro mumibare ya pore na pore morphologie,

nkubunini, gukwirakwiza, nuburyo, mubisanzwe biterwa nuburyo bwa nucleation nuburyo butajegajega. Ingaruka za Heterogeneous nucleation hamwe na okiside ya okiside ihindura uburyo bwa powder metallurgie yakozwe mubushakashatsi bwimbitse. Ifu ya Quaternary alloy igizwe na Al - Si - Mg - Cu ikoreshwa muriyi mpapuro yerekanye igipimo cyagutse kidasanzwe hamwe nubushyuhe buke bwa furo, hamwe nubushyuhe bukomeye bwa 507 ◦C hamwe nubushyuhe bwamazi bwa 596 ◦C. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, harabura ubushakashatsi bujyanye nuburyo bwa nucleation, gutuza, hamwe nuburyo bwo gukomeretsa imashini zikoresha ifu irimo iyi mvange yihariye, cyane cyane iyo irimo Cf. Mubikorwa byabanjirije iki, iperereza ryuburyo bwa nucleation na stabilisation ryakozwe mbere na mbere hakoreshejwe uburyo butari ahantu, hakubiyemo isesengura rya tomografi ryurugero rwakonje vuba nyuma yo guhagarika ifuro. Kubwamahirwe make, submicron bubble nucleation isanzwe ibaho mugihe cyo gushyushya ibanziriza kandi ikaguka byihuse mugihe kiri hagati ya ms 100 na 1 s, akenshi bikerekana ibibazo byo kwitegereza igihe. Imirasire ya kijyambere ya synchrotron X-ray yerekana amashusho ifite ingufu nyinshi hamwe na spatiotemporal reaction, itanga igihe-nyacyo, mugihe cyo kwitegereza neza nucleaux niterambere ryimyuka ya aluminiyumu mubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Kugeza ubu, abashakashatsi bake ni bo bonyine bakoze ubushakashatsi ku ifu ya Al - Si - Mg ifu yifashishije imirasire ya synchrotron. Kurugero, García-Morenoetal. yatangaje ibintu bikomeye bigenda byiyongera mumazi ya aluminiyumu, harimo nucleation no gukura, kuvugurura ibibyimba, gukuramo amazi, agglomeration, no guturika kwa firime. Kamm n'abandi. yize nucleation nigikorwa cyo gukura kwa AlSi8Mg4 aluminium ifuro ya radiyo ya synchrotron. Ubushakashatsi bwabo bwerekanye ko hydrogène yakozwe binyuze mu kubora kwa adsorbate hejuru y’ifu y’icyuma byerekana ubundi buryo bukomeye bwa nucleation. Nyamara, imikoranire hagati yibice byabanjirije iragoye, kandi imbaraga zo kubira ifuro zirashobora guterwa nimiterere yabyo. Kuri sisitemu yifu ya Al - Si - Cu - Mg hamwe na sisitemu yifu ya Al - Si - Cu - Mg hiyongereyeho Cf, gusobanukirwa no gucukumbura gutangiza no gukura kwifuro ryibyuma nibyingenzi kugirango iterambere ryimiterere ryifuro rirusheho kunoza imitungo. Kuri Porogaramu.

Muri iki gikorwa, Cf / AFS na AFS hamwe no guhuza metallurgical interacial guhuza byateguwe nuburyo bwo gupakira ifu yifu ya metallurgie. Ubwihindurize bwa Cf / AFS na AFS bwagaragaye muburyo bwimirasire ya synchrotron kugirango hagaragazwe uburyo bwa Cf kuri nucleation ya bubble, gukura no guhuza, hamwe no gutuza. Hiyongereyeho, Cf / AFS na AFS babaga ifuro kuri 620 ◦C muminota 15 mumatanura yicyumba. Ibikurikiraho, gukwirakwiza ingano ya pore, microstructure ya pore, hamwe nubukanishi bwo gukomeretsa imiterere yintangarugero ya furo yaranzwe kandi irageragezwa. Hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi bumaze kuvugwa, imiterere n'imbaraga zo kwikuramo Cf / AFS na AFS byasuzumwe kuri gahunda.

2. Ibikoresho nuburyo

2.1. Ibikoresho bito

Ibikoresho bitandatu bibisi byakoreshejwe mugutegura AFS na Cf / AFS: Ifu ya Al (ubunini buringaniye: 45 mm, ubuziranenge> 99,70%), ifu ya Si (ubunini buringaniye: 38 mm, ubuziranenge> 99,50%), ifu ya Cu (ubunini buringaniye: 38 mkm, ubuziranenge> 99,90%), ifu ya Mg (ubunini buringaniye: 75 mm, ubuziranenge> 99,70%), ifu ya TiH2 (ubunini buringaniye: 45 mm, ubuziranenge> 99,70%), na Umuringa usizwe na fibre fibre (ubunini buringaniye: 1 ～ 2 mm, uburebure bwumuringa: 1.4 mm).

2.2. Ibihimbano bya Cf / AFS

Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gupakira ifu ya metallurgie uburyo bwerekanwe muriIgishushanyo 1. Mugihe cyo kuvanga, hateguwe ifu ya quaternary AlSi6Mg4Cu4, hamwe nifu ya Al, Si, Cu, na Mg mukigereranyo cya 86 wt%, 6 wt%, 4 wt%, na 4 wt%. Ifu ya 1 wt% oxyde ya TiH2 (kuvura ubushyuhe mukirere kuri 1.5 h kuri 470 ◦C) yongewemo nkumuti uhuha urekura H2 vuba mubushyuhe bwo gushonga wagura gushonga. Byongeye kandi, 0.5 wt% ya fibre ya karubone yashizwemo nkibice bishimangira. Ikigaragara ni uko kugirango wongere amazi kandi wirinde ingaruka mbi nka Al4C3 kuri fibre-aluminiyumu yashonga mugihe cyo kubira ifuro, fibre karubone yashizwemo umuringa hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi. Inzira ya electroplating yasobanuwe muri Refs.Igishushanyo 2yerekana umuringa usize fibre fibre yabonetse muburyo bwo gukora amashanyarazi. Igifuniko gifite ubwuzuzanye kandi buhoraho bwo hejuru ya fibre(Ishusho 2 (a) - (b)). Icyakurikiyeho, ibihimbano bitandukanye byakoreshejwe muri ubu bushakashatsi byateguwe no kuvanga neza ifu yavuzwe haruguru hamwe na Cf muri mixer-eshatu ivanze kuri 3 h. Ifu ivanze kimwe ikubiye mu cyuho gifunze, hagakurikiraho uburyo bukonje kandi bushyushye.

Icyiciro gikonje gikonjesha neza umwuka uva mu mwobo no hagati y’imyanya hagati y’ibice binyuze mu ruhererekane rw’inzira nyinshi no kwiheba. Icyiciro gishyushye cyerekana ko uwabanjirije kugera ku bucucike bugereranije burenga 98% binyuze mu guhuza ibice hamwe nifu, byorohereza inzira yo kubira ifuro. Ibisobanuro birambuye byerekana inzira byasobanuwe muri Refs. AFS na Cf / AFS bibanziriza ifuro biboneka binyuze mubikorwa bimaze kuvugwa. Ubwanyuma, byombi bibanziriza ifuro byashyutswe kuri 620 ◦C muminota 15 kugirango bahimbe ingero za Cf / AFS na AFS, zakoreshwaga mu gusesengura ingano ya pore, kuranga microstructural, no gupima imiterere yimashini.

2.3. Imiterere nuburyo bwo kugerageza

2.3.1. Ibiranga Microstructural

Imiterere ya Microstructure ya Cf / AFS na AFS yakozweho iperereza na myuka yoherezwa mu kirere isikana electron microscopi (SEM, Zeiss Ultra Plus). Ingufu zikwirakwiza ingufu za sprosroscopi (EDS) zakoreshejwe kugirango hamenyekane ibice byibyiciro bitandukanye murukuta rwakagari rwintangarugero. Ibice birebire by'icyitegererezo byabonetse mugukata ingero zifuro ukoresheje imashini isohora amashanyarazi (EDM, DK7745). Nyuma yibi, ibice birebire byateganijwe byashushanyijeho irangi hanyuma bigasandara kandi bigasukurwa hifashishijwe 800-grit na 1500-grit sandpaper. Ubwanyuma, ingero zingana zingana na selile (Dmean) yikigereranyo cyerekanwe cyambukiranya igice cyagenwe hakoreshejwe software isesengura amashusho, Image Pro Plus 6.0.

Igishushanyo 1.Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gupakira ifu yuburyo bwa metallurgie.

Igishushanyo 2.SEM amashusho ya (a) fibre yuzuye umuringa wa karubone, na (b) yerekana ishusho nini yakarere irangwa na kare itukura muri (a). Amashusho (c) na (d) ni ibisubizo bya EDS by'ingingo A muri (b).

Igishushanyo 3.Igishushanyo mbonera cya synchrotron imirasire yubushakashatsi.

2.3.2. Muburyo bwa furo kwitegereza imirasire ya synchrotron

Igishushanyo mbonera cya synchrotron imirasire igerageza yashushanyijeIgishushanyo 3. Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe kuri beamline 4W1A y’ikigo cy’imirasire ya Beching Synchrotron (BSRF, Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi bw’ingufu za Beijing, Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi mu Bushinwa, Ubushinwa). Bitandukanye no kwishushanya bisanzwe-byerekana amashusho, iyi mpapuro ikoresha amashusho yerekana itandukaniro hamwe na Synchrotron Imirasire yumucyo. Ubu buryo bukemura imbogamizi zerekana amashusho gakondo, ibyo bikaba bidafite akamaro ko kubona ibintu byoroshye. Igikorwa cyo kubira ifuro cyakorewe mu itanura ryabigenewe ryabigenewe, ryerekana mm 15 kuri 15 mm ya idirishya rya kare rifite umwanya wa perpendikulari yerekeza ku cyerekezo cya X-ray. Ingano yicyitegererezo, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3, ipima mm 15 × 15 mm × 2 mm. Icyitegererezo gishyirwa mubibumbano byinshi bigizwe numubare runaka wamabati. Muburyo bwose bwo kubira ifuro, X-imirasire irashobora kunyura murugero kandi igafatwa nicyuma gifatanye na kamera (CCD). Inkomoko ya X-ray yatoranijwe yakoraga ku bushyuhe bwa 20 Kev, kandi harebwa urugero ntarengwa rwo kureba 7.4 mm × 7.4 mm kugira ngo harebwe neza uburyo bwose bwo kubira ifuro.

Birakwiye ko tumenya ko ingero zarebwaga zashyizwe muburyo butandukanye kuri buri cyerekezo kizunguruka no ku cyerekezo gifatika. Ibibanziriza byombi birimo 0.5 wt% Cf nabadafite 0.5 wt% Cf bakuyemo imbaho ​​zabo kuruhande rwimpande zombi bakoresheje EDM. Hakozwe iperereza ku ngaruka za Cf ku biranga ifuro rya aluminiyumu. Byongeye kandi, abibanjirije bafite ibice bitandukanye babaga benshi mu itanura rimwe ryo gushyushya ubushyuhe bwateganijwe bwa 620 ◦C.

2.3.3. Ikizamini cyo gukanika ibikoresho

Ingero zo guhunika zaciwemo ingero za silindrike ifite uburebure bwa mm 23 na diametero ya mm 20 na EDM, kandi buri cyerekezo cyemejwe ko hashyirwaho byibuze imyenge 10 yuzuye kugirango birinde ingaruka. Igeragezwa rya Quasi-static ryakozwe ryakozwe hakurikijwe ibipimo ISO13314–2011 na GB / T31930–2015, hifashishijwe imashini ya AG-XPLUS ya elegitoroniki yo gupima ibikoresho byose bifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara 100 KN. Ingero eshatu zapimwe kuri buri tsinda, kandi guhagarika umutima-kugabanuka kumurongo muriyi mpapuro byerekana impuzandengo yabonetse muri bitatu byapimwe. Ibizamini byose byakorewe munsi yimurwa, bikomeza umuvuduko uhoraho wumutwe wa mm 2 / min (bihuye nigipimo cyambere cya 10− 3 s− 1) mubushyuhe bwicyumba.

Igishushanyo 4.Imirasire ya synchrotron yerekana ibihe byerekana amashusho ya Cf / AFS ifuro ifuro: (a) preursor idafite izina kuri t0 umwanya wa 380 ◦C; (b) - (c) gusesa umuringa wibanze nubwoko bwa II nucleation mugihe cyo gushonga mbere; (d) - (g) nucleogene itandukanye hamwe nuburyo bwo gukura bwibibyimba; na (h) - (i) ibituba guhuza no guturika.

3. Ibisubizo n'ibiganiro

3.1. Muburyo bwo kubira ifuro munsi ya radiyo ya synchrotron

3.1.1. Ubwihindurize bwa Cf / AFS

Igishushanyo 4Yerekana urukurikirane rw'imirasire ya synchrotron yerekana uburyo bwo kubira ifuro ya Cf / AFS. Amashusho yumwimerere ya Cf / AFS(Isanamu 4 (a))zafashwe igihe matrix yari imeze neza kuri 380 ◦C, kandi iki gihe cyashyizweho nka t0. Ugereranije nibindi bice biri mubibanziriza, Cf igaragara umukara muri matrike yiganjemo imvi ya aluminiyumu. Ibi birashobora kwitirirwa ibintu byinshi byumuringa hejuru ya fibre, nkuko bigaragara muriIgishushanyo 2 (c) - (d), ifite nini nini ya atome nini ugereranije nibindi bice byabanjirije. Byongeye kandi, ubwinshi bwa Cf bugaragara ko butatanye kandi butandukanye, aho guhurizwa hamwe, nkuko bigaragara muriIgishushanyo 4 (a). Ibi bivuze ko hamwe na 0.5 wt% wongeyeho Cf, inzira ya 3 h ikurura irashobora kugera neza mubyifuzo byo gutatanya.

Kuri t0 + 194s (nkuko bigaragara muriIgishushanyo 4 (b). Umubare wibibyimba byakomeje kwiyongera muri 46 s, nkuko bigaragara muriIgishushanyo 4 (c). Mubyongeyeho, irindi hinduka ryibintu bibera muri matrix ni uko udusimba duto duto dukunda kuboneka hejuru ya Cf hamwe no gutangiza Cu gusesa (byashyizweho agasanduku gatukura). Iyi phenomenon ishobora kuba yaratewe nubwoko bwa II nucleation iboneka mumashanyarazi arimo umuringa. Birazwi cyane ko kwiyongera kwa Cu bigabanya cyane ubushyuhe bwo gushonga kwa alloys. Ibi bivamo gushonga hafi yifu ya porojeri yabanjirije ifu irimo ifu yumuringa mugihe cyo gushyushya, bikabyara ubwinshi bwa Al - Si - Mg - Cu quaternary eutectic yashonga mubushyuhe buke. Ikidendezi cya eutectic eatertike ikunda kuba akarere gafite intege nke muri alloy kandi ikunze kwibasirwa na nucleation. Nkigisubizo, ibibyimba birashoboka cyane guhinduka no gukura hafi yumuringa usizwe hejuru ya fibre. Byongeye kandi, igice gito cyamazi muri matrix muriki gihe gitera imyuka iva kubora kwa TiH2 kwiyegeranya byoroshye muri materique ya aluminium. Ubwoko bwa nucleation yo mu bwoko bwa II burashobora kwirinda neza gaze yegeranijwe ihatira matrice ntoya yo gutandukanya ibice no gukwirakwiza ibice binyuze mumazi, bikaviramo gutakaza cyane urugero rwa hydrogène.

Igishushanyo 4 (d)yerekana ibibyimba byambere nucleate kandi bigakura mukarere ka Cf nkuko matrike yashonga burundu, kandi ibibyimba byinshi bihuye no kubura umuringa usize umuringa (ushizwemo agasanduku gatukura). Bimaze kugaragara neza ko kongeramo icyiciro cya kabiri byongera umubare wibibanza bya nucleation ya heterogeneous, bityo bikagabanya inzitizi yingufu zo gukora ibibyimba bishya mumashanyarazi. Hagati aho, igipimo cya nucleation kijyanye nuburinganire bwa heterogeneous nucleation yubunini bwa buri gice. Kubera iyo mpamvu, birashobora kugaragara ko ibibyimba byabanje gutondekanya ahantu fibre ya karubone iherereye kandi ikaguka muburebure bwa fibre karubone. Hamwe no kwiyongera mubice bishonga, byinshi bishya bikomeza kugaragara kuvaIgishushanyo 4 (e) –4 (g). Nyamara, igipimo cyo guhuza hamwe no guturika kwinshi biratinda, byerekana ko ibituba bifite umutekano muke. Kuri t0 + 426s, umubare wibibyimba wiyongera cyane, kandi

ingano yabanjirije irerekana kwaguka kwinshi(Isanamu 4 (h)). Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, kuba hari ibibyimba bimwe byahujwe (byerekanwe n'umwambi utukura), aho utubuto duto twinjizwa nini nini bitewe no gukura kwa Ostwald, ni inzira byanze bikunze mugihe cy'ihindagurika ry'ibyuma byinshi [40]. Ibi byo gukura nabyo bivamo kugaragara kumubare muto wibinini binini kandi bidasanzwe (byerekanwe numwambi utukura muriIgishushanyo 4 (i)).

Igishushanyo 5.Amashusho yahinduwe mugihe cyibikorwa byinshi bya AFS mubyiciro bitandukanye: (a) ibanziriza gushonga kuri t0 umwanya wa 380 ◦C; (b) gusesa umuringa wibanze nubwoko bwa nucleation ya II mugihe cyo gushonga kwa precursor; (c) nucleation hamwe nuburyo bwo gukura bwibibyimba; na (d) - (f) ibituba guhuza no guturika.

3.1.2. Ubwihindurize bwa AFS

Igishushanyo cya 5 cyerekana urukurikirane rwamashusho yimirasire ya synchrotron yerekana uburyo bwo kubira ifuro rya AFS. Kimwe na Cf / AFS, ishusho yambere kumurongo wa radiyo ya synchrotron yafashwe mugihe AFS yari mugice gikomeye kuri 380 ◦C (rebaIgishushanyo 5 (a)). Iyo matrix ishyutswe hejuru yubushyuhe bwa solidus, utubuto duto twera tugaragara muriIgishushanyo 5 (b) na (c), biva kubora kwa TiH2 no kubaho kwa nucleation yo mu bwoko bwa II mukarere ka Cu gakungahaye. Nyamara, umubare wibibyimba byabyaye hamwe no gukwirakwiza kwinshi muriIgishushanyo 5 (c)ni hasi cyane ugereranije naIgishushanyo 4 (c). Ibi birerekana ko Cf / AFS itanga inzira nyinshi zo gusohora gaze hakiri kare mugihe cya nucleation, bikarinda gukabya gukabya guhuza ibice muri materique ya aluminium hamwe nuduce duto duto.

Umubare muto wibibuga bya AFS nucleation kandi birashoboka cyane ko imikurire idasanzwe ugereranije na Cf / AFS irashobora kugaragara kuvaIgishushanyo 5 (d) - (f). Ubwihindurize bwibibyimba bya AFS ntibisanzwe, kandi ubunini bwabyo bugaragaza ihindagurika ryinshi bitewe no kubana kwinshi kwa micrometero nini nini na milimetero zidasanzwe zingana (zashyizweho umwambi utukura). Byongeye kandi, uku guhungabana no kutagira ubumuga mugihe cya nucleaire kare birashobora kuvamo itandukaniro rikomeye mumiterere ya pore yanyuma hamwe nubukanishi hagati ya AFS na Cf / AFS.

3.2. Isesengura rya Macrostructure

Kugira ngo hakorwe iperereza ku itandukaniro riri hagati ya macroscopique pore morphologie na diameter ya pore hagati ya AFS na Cf / AFS, hateguwe inyubako ebyiri za sandwich mugihe cya laboratoire ku bushyuhe bwa 620 ◦C mu minota 15. Makrostructures nubunini bwakagari ka AFS na Cf / AFS byerekanwe muriIgishushanyo cya 6. Kugereranya ibice bihagaritse byuburyo bubiri bwa sandwich byerekana ko ifuro ya Cf / AFS ifite selile nziza kandi ifite inenge nke nko guturika cyangwa guhuza ingirabuzimafatizo (rebaIgishushanyo cya 6 (b)). Ibinyuranye, nkuko bigaragara muriIgishushanyo cya 6 (a), AFS yerekana ububi bwa pore homogeneité hamwe na pore nini zidasanzwe. Hagati aho, diameter ihwanye na pore ya AFS na Cf / AFS yari mm 2,9 ± 0.2 mm na 1,9 ± 0.1 mm, byerekana ko diameter ya pore yarushijeho kunonosorwa hiyongereyeho Cf (rebaIgishushanyo cya 6 (c) na (d)).

Ubwihindurize bwimiterere ya pore iterwa nuburyo bubiri bwo guhatana: kubora kwa TiH2 no guhuza no guturika ifuro. Kwangirika kwa TiH2 bigira uruhare mu kwiyongera k'umubare wa nucleation, porosity, no kwaguka, mugihe guhuza no guturika kw'ibibyimba bigabanya umubare wa pore kandi byongera diameter ya pore. Kugabanuka kwa bubble guhuza no guturika ibyabaye bigira uruhare mukubona imiterere myiza ya selile. Kubwibyo, guhagarara kwinshi kwifuro birakenewe kugirango habeho uburinganire bwimiterere ya pore mugihe cyo kubira ifuro. Kuri Cf / AFS, kwiyongera kwa Cf bitezimbere cyane wettability ya fibre hamwe na aluminium yashonga. Kimwe na Cf ivugwa gushimangira aluminiyumu ya aluminium [44] yateguwe nuburyo bwo gushonga ifuro, iyongerwaho rya Cf ituma ifuro rya aluminiyumu irinda urukuta rwa selile no kugabanya agglomeration. Hagati aho, Cf irashobora gukora urusobekerane rusa nurukuta rw'akagari, rukabyara imbaraga zo gutandukana kandi rukarinda guturika kw'ibibyimba, bityo, bikazamura imiterere y'utugari, ituze ry'ifuro, hamwe n'uburinganire bwo gukwirakwiza pore.

3.3. Ibiranga Microstructural

Igishushanyo 7 (a)yerekana microstructure y'urukuta rw'akagari nyuma yo kubira ifuro hamwe na AFS. Nkuko byavuzwe kuri AlSi6Cu4Mg4 alloy foams, eutectic Al - Si, Mg2Si, Al2Cu, na Al5Cu2Mg8Si6, ziraboneka muri ayo mavuta, ibyo bikaba bihuye n’ibyavuye mu isesengura rya EDS muriIgishushanyo 7 (b). Ibi bice byoroheje bigabanya imiterere yubukorikori bwa aluminiyumu mu guca intege urukuta rwa pore cyangwa gukora nkisoko yamenetse mugihe cyo guhindura ibintu. Kubwibyo, kuzamura imiterere yubukorikori bwurukuta rwa pore hifashishijwe kongeramo ibyiciro bishimangira ni ingamba zifatika kandi nziza.

Kuri Cf / AFS, irashobora kugaragara kuvaIgishushanyo 7 (c) na (d)ko Cf ikwirakwizwa imbere murukuta rwakagari cyangwa kuruhande rwurukuta rwakagari, byerekana ko Cf ifite ubushuhe buhebuje hamwe na aluminiyumu yashonga. Byongeye kandi, biragaragara (rebaIgishushanyo 7 (d)) ko umubare muto wicyiciro cyimvura Al2Cu ikora kumurongo uri hagati ya fibre na aluminium yashonga. Iyi phenomenon igira uruhare mu kugera ku isano ikomeye hagati ya fibre na matrix. Iterambere ryiyi diffusion reaction irashobora kugaragara nezaIgishushanyo 4 (a) - (c). Menya ko, icyiciro cyimvura ntigikikije rwose fibre ya karubone, kandi leta nubunini bwikwirakwizwa bifite akamaro kuri Cf / AFS. Hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe na Lv et al, kuri Cf yongerewe imbaraga za aluminiyumu matrix igizwe nibikoresho, herekanywe ko ingano ikwiye yicyiciro cyimvura ishobora kugira ingaruka no kugenzura imbaraga zubusabane.

Igishushanyo cya 6.Ibice bihagaritse byerekana icyitegererezo (a) AFS na (b) Cf / AFS. Ibipimo bingana na diametre hamwe nuduce duto duto duhuye na (a) na (b) byerekanwe muri (c) na (d). Umurongo uhamye uhoraho muri (c) na (d) byerekana log-isanzwe ikwiye. Kwisubiraho (R2) byerekana ibyiza bikwiye.

Igishushanyo 7.SEM amashusho (a) na (b) yerekana microstructures ijyanyeIgishushanyo cya 6(a) AFS naIgishushanyo cya 6(b) Cf / AFS, kimwe, byongeye,Igishushanyo 7(b) na (d) kwerekana ubunini bwahoIgishushanyo 7(a) na (c), kimwe.

3.4. Uburyo bwa Cf butuza Al - Si - Mg - Cu ifuro

Ukurikije isesengura ryavuzwe haruguru, igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana uburyo bwo kubira ifuro ya Cf / AFS na AFS muri make muriIgishushanyo cya 8. Itandukaniro rikomeye hagati ya Cf / AFS na AFS murwego rwa nucleation, gukura kwinshi, no guhuza icyiciro, hamwe nicyiciro cyo gukomera buhoro buhoro, nkuko bigaragara muriIgishushanyo cya 8 (a) na (b).

Igishushanyo cya 8.Igishushanyo mbonera cya Cf / AFS na AFS imyitwarire ibira: (a) Cf / AFS; na (b) AFS.

Mu cyiciro cya nucleation ya AlSi6Cu4Mg4 alloy ifuro, ibibyimba bikunda guhinduka muri eutectic ya quaternary yamazi ikikije ibice byumuringa, aho kuba nucleate aho TiH2 iherereye. Ubu bwoko bwa nucleation mukarere gafite intege nke za precursor (ubwoko bwa II nucleation) butanga inzira nyinshi zo guhunga imyuka yarekuwe na TiH2 kubora, kwirinda kwirundanya kwa gaze no gutera ibice gukwirakwira mumashanyarazi ya aluminium. Kwiyongera k'umuringa usize fibre fibre bigaragara ko irushijeho gukora imiyoboro myinshi yo kurekura H2. Ariko, kubera ko gushonga kwa aluminiyumu bidafite igice cyamazi gihagije muriki cyiciro, biragoye ko utubuto duto duto dufite isoko ihagije ya H2 kugirango ikomeze gukura. Nkigisubizo, utubuto duto duto dushonga mugihe ubushyuhe buzamutse. Iyo ibanziriza gushonga burundu, H2 yarekuwe bivuye mubikorwa bya dehydrogenation ikaze ya TiH2 izahinduka kandi ikure vuba hashingiwe ku ngingo ya nucleation. Cf itanga ibibanza byinshi bya nucleogeneque yibisekuruza kubyara, byongera cyane igipimo cya nucleation. Icyarimwe, kuba Cf ibuza neza guhuza no guhuza ibibyimba byibanze kandi ikirinda gukora ibibyimba binini bidasanzwe.

Mugihe cyo gukura no guhuza ibyiciro byinshi, kongeramo Cf bizamura cyane ifuro. Impamvu nuko Cf na aluminiyumu bishonga bifite amazi meza, kandi fibre irashobora gufatwa byoroshye hagati yimiyoboro ibiri ya gazi-yamazi kugirango ibe imiterere y'urusobe (nkuko bigaragara muriIgishushanyo 7 (c)). Mugihe firime yamazi yoroheje, fibre irashobora kubyara igitutu cyo gutandukana kugirango irwanye kwangirika kumupaka wibibaya, bityo ikabuza firime yamazi guturika. Cf / AFS rero ikenera igihe kinini cyo kubira ugereranije na AFS, hamwe no guhagarara neza gushobora kugumana uburinganire bwimiterere ya pore mugihe cyubwihindurize.

Mugihe cyo gukomera gahoro gahoro, ibituba muri Cf / AFS ntibikura kandi fibre zinjijwe murukuta rw'akagari (zashyizweho agasanduku gatukura). Uku kugumana fibre birinda kwinjiza utubuto duto nini nini, nkuko bigaragara mu gukura kwa Ostwald, kandi bikabuza guturika urukuta rw'utugari kubera kwaguka gukomeye. Nkigisubizo, Cf / AFS yerekana imiterere ya pore imwe ihuriweho hamwe nudusimba duke ugereranije na AFS.

3.5. Ibikoresho bya mashini

Kwiyunvikisha guhangayikisha umurongo kuri Cf / AFS na AFS hamwe nubushake bumwe (83.2% na 81.4%, bikurikiranye) byerekanwe muriIgishushanyo 9 (a). Kwiyunvikisha guhangayikisha-umurongo werekana itandukaniro ryihariye rya threestage, rigizwe nakarere ka elastike kumurongo, akarere ka plateau, nakarere kegeranye. Imbaraga zo kugabanya umusaruro wa AFS na Cf / AFS zari 8.44 MPa na 11.87 MPa. Imbaraga zo guhunika imbaraga za Cf / AFS ziyongereyeho 40,6% ugereranije na AFS. Hagati aho, ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza ingufu za Cf / AFS nibyiza kuruta ubwa AFS kumurongo umwe, nkuko bigaragara muriIgishushanyo 9 (b). Ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza ingufu za AFS na Cf / AFS ni 3.3 MJ / m3 na 6.1 MJ / m3. Ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza ingufu za Cf / AFS bwazamutseho 84.8% ugereranije na AFS.

Igicapo 9.Guhagarika umutima-gari ya moshi hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwinjiza ingufu za Cf / AFS na AFS: (a) guhagarika umutima-gari ya moshi; (b) imbaraga zo gukuramo imbaraga.

Kwinjizamo Cf byongereye cyane imiterere yimikorere yibyingenzi. Birazwi neza ko imiterere ya mashini yaaluminiumbifitanye isano ya hafi na pore imiterere na strut mikoranike. Isesengura rya Macrostructural ryerekanye ko kongeramo Cf byanonosoye ingano ya pore, kunoza ikwirakwizwa rya pore, no kugabanya inenge za pore. Bisa nubushakashatsi bwa Sasikumar nabandi. na Yangetal. ntoya ya pore diameter no gukwirakwiza pore ningirakamaro cyane kugirango wongere imbaraga zo kwikuramo no gukoresha neza imbaraga. Byongeye kandi, ingaruka za microstructure kumiterere yubukanishi bwa furo ahanini biterwa na Cf yashyizwe mu rukuta rwa pore. Gukwirakwiza no gusesa umuringa usizwe na fibre ya karubone muri materique ya aluminiyumu irashobora kugera ku isano ihamye hagati ya fibre na matrix ya aluminium, bigira uruhare mu kwimura imitwaro. Modire ndende ya karubone fibre ikikijwe nurukuta rwa pore irashobora kugabanya ihinduka ryurukuta rwa pore munsi yumutwaro wo kwikuramo no kunoza ubushobozi bwo kwikorera imitwaro. Izi ngingo zose zitonesha Cf / AFS kugirango igere ku musaruro mwinshi nubushobozi bwo kwinjiza ingufu ugereranije na AFS.

4. Imyanzuro

Cf / AFS na AFS byateguwe nuburyo bwo gupakira ifu ya metallurgie muri iki gikorwa. Imyitwarire ifuro ya Cf / AFS na AFS yagaragaye cyane binyuze mumirasire ya synchrotron kugeza

gukora iperereza ku ngaruka za Cf kuri nucleation no gukura. Hiyongereyeho, Cf kuri morfologiya ya pore, gukwirakwiza pore, hamwe no kwikuramo ibintu bya aluminiyumu yasesenguwe neza. Imyanzuro nyamukuru niyi ikurikira:

.

Ugereranije na AFS, uburyo bwo kubira ifuro ya Cf / AFS bwerekana ituze ryinshi hamwe nuburinganire. AFS ikunda gukora ibinini binini bidasanzwe kandi binini mugihe cyihindagurika. Byongeye kandi, ubudasa buterwa ningaruka za nucleogeneque ya Cf, irinda urukuta rwinshi kandi igabanya coescence mugihe byongera igipimo cya nucleation.

(2) Kwiyongeraho 0,5 wt. Icyarimwe, microstructure irerekana neza neza ya Cf, ikwirakwizwa kurukuta rwa pore hamwe na gazi-ikomeye, bityo bikazamura ifuro ryinshi.

(3) Ugereranije na AFS, imbaraga zo gutanga umusaruro hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwinjiza ingufu za Cf / AFS byiyongereyeho 40,6% na 84.8%. Ibyavuye muri ubu bushakashatsi birashobora gutanga ibitekerezo byo gushimangira paneli ya aluminium ifuro ya sandwich hamwe na metallurgical ihuza imiyoboro ifite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha inganda mu bijyanye n’inganda z’imodoka n’ikirere.

Ingingo yo mu kinyamakuru cyibikoresho Ubushakashatsi n'ikoranabuhanga