Igwebu le-aluminium (insimbi enezimbotshana esekelwe ku-aluminium nama-alloys ayo) yaziwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka, kodwa isenokusabalalisa kanye nokusetshenziswa okuncane. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu kwaba ukukhiqizwa okuphansi kwesakhiwo kanye nezakhiwo ezibonakalayo ekukhiqizeni amagwebu e-aluminium. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-aluminium foam kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukunqoba ezinye zalezi zinkinga. Izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokukhiqiza amagwebu ensimbi ziye zathuthukiswa futhi zaphenywa.

Ekuqaleni, abaqambi bezinto ezinjalo baphefumulelwe izinto zemvelo ezinama-porous ezifana nezinkuni, ithambo, i-coral, i-pumice namanye amaminerali angenayo. Isici esivamile salezi zinto yinhlanganisela yamandla aphezulu, isisindo esithile esiphansi kanye nokumuncwa okuhle kwamandla. Namuhla, abakhiqizi bamagwebu e-aluminium bangakhiqiza izinsimbi ezinezakhiwo ezifanayo kalula. Uhla lwezicelo zamagwebu e-aluminium manje selubanzi kakhulu futhi lunenqwaba yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene.

Into eguquguqukayo enedizayini cishe engenamkhawulo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zezakhiwo. Kanye nokubukeka kwayo okuyingqayizivele, inezici ezidonsa umsindo eziyenza ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga kokubili ukumuncwa komsindo nobuhle. Isetshenziselwa ama-Facade, ukuvala udonga, amathayela osilingi noma osilingi abawa phansi, izindawo zokudlela, izindawo zokuphuzela utshwala, amahhovisi, izakhiwo zamafulethi, imibukiso yamagumbi ombukiso, iphansi le-Terrazzo, izimpawu, izinto zokukhanyisa, imibukiso, nanoma yiluphi uhlelo ongalokotha ulucabange.

Igwebu le-aluminium lidala amaphaneli aqinile kodwa angasindi. Ngokufana nokubukeka kwesipontshi sensimbi, sibukeka simangalisa, ngokubukeka kwesimanje okumangalisayo. Ezokwakha, igwebu le-aluminium likhiqizwa ngamaphaneli asukela ku-density ehlukahlukene, futhi ngogqinsi ukusuka ku-12.7mm kuya ku-43.2 mm (inani elilindile elitholakala ngokwezifiso). Izinguqulo ezijwayelekile Zincane, Ezimaphakathi nezinkulu.

Ingaphezulu lephaneli ngayinye lishiywe lisesimweni salo semvelo esiqinile njengoba likhiqiziwe, noma lenziwa amalungiselelo angaphezulu anikeza ukubonakala okuningi okuhlukile. Ukubonakala njengendawo eqinile “ecwebezelayo” kubukeka ku-translucent “igwebu lamanzi”, ngisho nemiklamo yangokwezifiso. Izinhlangothi ezi-2 zephaneli ngayinye, ezikhonjwe 'njengephezulu kanye/noma phansi, zibukeka zihluke kakhulu kwelinye.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium foam

Kunezinqubo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza amagwebu e-aluminium.

Ngesinye isikhathi, i-foam yensimbi itholakala ensimbi encibilikisiwe ngezindlela ezahlukene. Njengoba i-aluminium iphola futhi iqina, igwebu lensimbi liyasimama. Imifudlana yegesi noma izinto ezifuthayo zisetshenziselwa ukwakha igwebu. I-ejenti yokuphefumula ibola ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile futhi ibangele ukukhishwa kwegesi. Izithasiselo ezikhethekile ngezinye izikhathi zisetshenziselwa ukuzinzisa amabhamuza egesi ukuze igwebu lingahlakani ngaphambi kokuphulukiswa. Le nqubo ingasetshenziswa ukuthola amashidi e-aluminium foam, imikhiqizo enezimo ezilula namasemishi e-aluminium foam. Imikhiqizo enjalo ine-foam yensimbi njengengqikithi, embozwe nhlangothi zombili ngongqimba lwe-aluminium eqinile.

Enye indlela ukusakaza nge-filler. Isibonelo, izinhlamvu zikasawoti zingasebenza njengezigcwalisi, ezisuke zigezwe ngaphandle kwe-aluminium matrix, bese kuvela izimbotshana esikhundleni sezinhlayiya zikasawoti. I-polyurethane foam ene-coating-resistant-resistant nayo isetshenziswa njengento yokugcwalisa, evutha ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokushisa.

Enye inqubo yokukhiqiza igwebu le-aluminium isebenzisa amabhola e-ceramic angenalutho noma amabhola ensimbi, afakwa ku-matrix yensimbi.

Ekubumbeni umjovo, ama-polymer granules angasetshenziswa ukwakha izimbotshana. Ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane kakhulu senqubo, lawa ma-granules awaboli ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa eliphezulu. Zihlala ku-matrix yensimbi njengezigcwalisi noma zisuswa ukwelashwa kokushisa isikhathi eside. Esimweni sokugcina, kutholakala igwebu le-aluminium elivulekile-pored.

Ukukhiqizwa kwamagwebu ensimbi kusenesiqondiso esisodwa, i-powder metallurgy. Okokuqala, ingxube ye-aluminium powder enezithako ezikhethekile ikhiqizwa. Lapho ingxube enjalo ishisa, i-foam kanye nezinqubo zokugcoba zenzeka, okuthi ngemva kokupholisa, kubangele ezinye izinhlobo ze-aluminium foam.

Indlela yesimanje kakhulu yokuthola izinsimbi ezinama-porous ubuchwepheshe bokwengeza. Ngokukhiqiza okungeziwe, ukwakheka kanye nesakhiwo se-3D sengxenye kungalawulwa ngokunembile kakhulu. Nokho, le nqubo isabiza kakhulu futhi ingasetshenziswa kuphela enanini elilinganiselwe lezinsimbi.

Izakhiwo kanye nezicelo

Igwebu le-aluminium elinezimbotshana ezivaliwe line-porosity engama-80 kuye kwangama-98%. Amandla ayo adlula kakhulu awensimbi eqinile enesisindo esifanayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezinjalo kunamandla amakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindleleni zokuthutha embonini yezimoto, imboni ye-aerospace kanye nokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi. Ukunciphisa isisindo kuholela ekongeni uphethiloli noma kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwandisa isisindo somthwalo ozothuthwa.

Isakhiwo esinezimbotshana segwebu le-aluminium sidonsa amandla omthelela. Lesi sakhiwo singasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuthutha ukuze sivikeleke ekungqubuzaneni, njengesivikelo sezikhali nokuqhuma. Igwebu lensimbi lidambisa umsindo. Ngakho-ke, amaphaneli e-aluminium Foam angasetshenziswa njengezindonga zokumunca umsindo emigwaqweni nasezitimeleni. Ukufakwa komsindo kumabhayisikobho namahholo ekhonsathi nakho kungasebenza. Ngenxa yesisindo sayo esiphansi kanye nobuso obuhle, igwebu le-aluminium lisetshenziselwa ukwakheka kwangaphakathi nangaphandle.